信息系统的功能需求分析方法研究

A Functional Requirement Analysis Method for Information System

在大型信息系统建设中,在系统释放至生产环境后,经常出现需求不断变化引发系统反复修改,不仅系统要延期交付,开发成本也持续增长。通过对多个实际系统建设的复盘与分析,主要问题在于需求分析成果难以反映生产过程中的实际需求,导致系统设计与开发的结果与实际需求偏离。结合5W1H(Why、What、When、Where、Who、How)分析法及泳道图方法,提出了一种新的功能需求分析方法,并在实际信息系统的需求分析过程中加以应用,有效提升需求分析的成果质量,减少系统上线释放后的调整,从而有效控制开发成本。

In the construction of large-scale information systems,after the system is released to the production environment,constantly changing requirement often leads to repeated system modifications,which not only delays the delivery of the system,but also makes the development cost keep increasing.Through the review and analysis of several actual system construction,the main problem is that the demand analysis results are difficult to reflect the actual demand in the production process,resulting in the deviation between the results of system design and development,and the actual demand.Combined with 5W1H(Why,What,When,Where,Who,How)analysis method and swim lane diagram method,this paper proposes a new functional requirement analysis method,which is applied to the requirement analysis process of the actual information system.Results show that it effectively improves the quality of the requirement analysis results,reduces the adjustment after the system is released online,and effectively controls the development cost.