为政策配套的财政科技支出有效性研究——基于中国开发区政策的检验

Research on the Effectiveness of Government Expenditure on Science and Technology Supporting the Policies——Based on the Test of China s Development Zone Policy

利用多期双重差分方法及2003—2019年城市面板数据,从支出规模、利用效率和配置效率角度,实证检验为政策配套的财政科技支出的有效性。结果表明:财政科技支出规模的增加为开发区政策促进创新能力提升贡献了50%左右,是非常重要的配套措施。然而,开发区政策对财政科技支出利用效率提升的作用程度及其对创新能力提升的贡献程度却都比较小;不仅如此,开发区政策加重了城市间财政科技支出投入错配。进一步实证分析发现,财政科技支出仅是为国家级开发区配套,并没有为省级开发区配套;同时政治地位越高的城市将为政策配套更多的财政科技支出,但却更容易忽视财政科技支出的利用效率和配置效率。

By using the multi-phase differences-in-differences method and urban panel data from 2003 to 2019,this paper conducted empirical test on the effectiveness of government expenditure on science and technology supporting the policies from the point of view of expenditure scale,utilization efficiency and allocation efficiency.The results shows that the increase in the scale of government expenditure on science and technology has contributed about 50%to the promotion of innovation capacity by development zone policy,which is a very important supporting measure.However,the extent to which the development zone policy plays a role in improving the utilization efficiency of government expenditure on science and technology and its contribution to the improvement of innovation capability are both relatively small;not only that,the development zone policy aggravates the misallocation of inter-city government expenditure on science and technology.Further empirical analysis shows that the government expenditure on science and technology is only for the national development zones,not for the provincial development zones;meanwhile,the cities with higher political status will support more government expenditure on science and technology for the policy,but it is easier to ignore the utilization efficiency and allocation efficiency of the government expenditure on science and technology.