典型约束的载人登月自由返回轨道窗口存在性判据

Existence Criterion of Typically Constrained Manned Lunar Free-return Orbital Window

绕月自由返回轨道是载人登月任务试验期提高航天员安全返回地球能力的必要措施,典型约束条件下载人登月自由返回轨道窗口存在性判据是论证和决策任务具体年份和月份的重要基础工作。分析一组可能的典型工程约束条件:飞行模式、工程总体约束、运载火箭约束、载人飞船约束和地面测控支持约束等,提出基于双二体模型的轨道窗口存在性快速判据,将窗口存在性问题转化为含约束非线性规划问题求解。算例表明:该判据快速正确,可为载人登月工程论证和决策提供参考。

The circumlunar free-return orbit is a necessary measure to improve the capability of the astronauts to safely return to the Earth during the experimental period of the manned lunar missions.The existence criterion of the typically constrained manned lunar free-return orbital window is the foundation to argue and decide the specific year and the month of the mission.A set of possible typi-cal engineering constraints were analyzed including the flight mode,the overall engineering con-straints,the rocket constraints,the manned spacecraft constraints and the ground control&support constraints.A fast existence criterion of this orbital window was proposed based on the double two-body hypothesis.The window existence problem was transformed into a nonlinear programming prob-lem with constraints.Numerical examples showed that this existence criterion was fast and correct.It can provide reference for the argument and decision of the manned lunar landing project.