航天服头盔面窗注塑残余应力控制与检测技术研究

Research on Residual Stress Control and Test in Injection Molding of Spacesuit-Helmet Visors

针对影响航天服头盔面窗注塑质量的残余应力问题,提出了残余应力≤7 MPa的指标要求,并通过对面窗注塑成型过程的仿真分析,找到了有效降低和改善面窗残余应力的途径和方法。在此基础上,结合试验探索,建立了将有损钻孔法、有损CCL4溶剂浸渍法与无损光弹法三者有机结合的航天服头盔面窗透明件残余应力综合检测方法,解决了面窗制品的残余应力检测难题。研究结果实现了对面窗注塑残余应力的有效可控,确保了舱外航天服头盔面窗的服役性。

The residual stress can affect the quality of polycarbonate injection molding of the helmet visors in spacesuit.To solve this problem,the technical index“residual stress≤7 MPa”was pro-posed.Through the simulation of the injection molding process,the methods that could effectively reduce the residual stress were found.Then,on the basis of experiments and exploration,a compre-hensive residual stress test method integrating the destructive hole-drilling method,the CCL4 immer-sion method and the nondestructive photo-elastic method was established and the problem of visors’residual stress test was effectively solved.The research results showed that the visors’residual stress was effectively controlled,and the usability of the helmet visors of EVA spacesuit was guaranteed.