优化技术在航天器结构设计中的应用

Application of Structural Design Optimization Technology in Spacecraft

针对某航天器相机安装支架结构设计时安装边界条件差、重量要求苛刻、力学性能要求高等难点,研究支架构型最优解。分别以最高基频和最小体积作为目标函数进行拓扑优化,完成多目标优化。在拓扑优化基础上,针对梁系长度、梁系分布、截面面积,进一步完成多参数优化,并结合工程实现得到最优的支架结构。有限元建模分析结果表明:重量较原设计方案轻49%,基频高22%,强调裕度大于2;设计效率更高、结构性能更优。支架已随航天器通过了飞行试验考核验证。

Aiming at the difficulties of poor installation boundary conditions,harsh weight require-ment and high mechanical performance requirement in the structural design of a camera mounting bracket,topology optimization with the highest fundamental frequency and minimum volume as the target functions was used to perfrom the multi-objective optimization,and the optimal solution of the branch architecture type was obtained.On the basis of topology optimization,multi-parameter opti-mization was further conducted for the beam length,distribution,and cross-sectional area.Com-bined with the engineering application,the optimal bracket structure was obtained.The results of fi-nite element modeling analysis showed that the weight was 49%lighter than the original bracket,the fundamental frequency was 22%higher,and the strength margin was greater than 2.The design effi-ciency was higher and the structural performance was better.Finally,the bracket passed the flight test with the spacecraft.