基于数值仿真的多流道吸油烟机前端风道优化研究

Research on optimization of front air duct of multi-channel range hood based on numerical simulation

多流道吸油烟机通过加入上、下多个吸烟口以提高整体的吸烟效果,而目前市场主推的大风量、大吸力也使吸油烟机使用过程中的噪声成为一个亟需解决的问题。计算机流体力学(CFD)在烟机设计中扮演着重要的角色,用于对三维结构模型进行流场仿真分析,指导后续的结构优化和生产。设计了一种多流道吸油烟机的前端风道优化结构,在上吸烟口中加入内衬板,旨在增强吸烟效果和降低噪声水平。研究使用数值仿真的方法,对加内衬板前后的多流道吸油烟机进行仿真计算和对比分析,可以发现:加入内衬板后,上进气口的涡流有所减小,上下进气分配比例更合理,气体流动损失更低,提升了吸烟效果;同时对吸油烟机实际效果测试后也发现,加入内衬板后整体的吸烟效果更好,烟气流动泄漏更少,整机噪声水平大约下降1 dB(A)。

Multi-channel range hood can improve the smoking effect by adding upper and lower smoking ports,and the concept of large air volume and high suction force currently promoted by the market also makes the noise during use of range hoods an urgent problem to be solved.Computer Fluid Dynamics(CFD)plays an important role in the design of range hood,which is used to simulate and analyze the flow field of three-dimensional structure model to guide structural optimization and production.An optimized structure of the front air duct of a multi-channel range hood is designed,and a liner panel is added to the upper smoking port,aiming at enhancing the smoking effect and reducing the noise level.The numerical simulation method is used to compare and analyze the multi-channel range hood before and after adding the liner panel.It can be found that after adding the liner panel,the vortex at the upper inlet is reduced,the upper and lower intake air distribution ratio is more reasonable,the gas flow efficiency is higher,and the smoking effect is improved.At the same time,after the test of the range hood prototype,it was found that the whole smoking effect was better after the liner panel was added,the smoke flow leakage was less,and the noise level of the whole machine decreased by about 1 dB(A).