基于门限效应模型的我国西部地区政府医疗卫生支出城乡差异分析

Analysis of Urban-Rural Differences of Government Health Expenditure in Western China Based on Threshold Effect Model

目的:分析我国西部地区政府医疗卫生支出城乡间的具体差异,为西部地区政府在区域和城乡间医疗卫生支出的合理投入提供证据支持。方法:基于2009—2019年我国西部地区12省份的132个市区面板数据,采用固定效应模型和门限效应模型实证分析影响政府医疗卫生支出的因素。结果:人均GDP与农村居民收入是影响政府医疗卫生支出的主要因素,人均GDP门限值分别为9.84和10.48、城镇居民收入门限值分别为9.73和10.13、农村居民收入门限值分别为8.67和9.22,而我国西部地区政府医疗卫生支出更偏向于经济发达地区的城镇居民和低收入群体中的农村居民。结论:我国西部地区政府医疗卫生支出在不同区域间和区域内城乡间存在显著差别,推动区域和城乡医疗卫生协调均衡发展需因地制宜、循序渐进的开展工作。

Objective:To analyze specific differences between urban and rural areas in government health expenditures in western China,and provide evidence support for the rational investment of regional and urban-rural medical and health expenditures by the governments in western China.Methods:Based on the panel data of 132 cities in 12 provinces in western China from 2009 to 2019,the fixed effect model and the threshold effect model are used to empirically analyze the factors that affect government health expenditure.Results:Per capita GDP and rural residents’ income are the main factors affecting government health expenditures.The per capita GDP thresholds were 9.84 and 10.48,the urban residents’ income thresholds were 9.73 and 10.13,and the rural residents’ income thresholds were 8.67 and 9.22.Government health expenditures in western China are more skewed towards urban residents in economically developed areas and rural residents in low-income groups.Conclusion:There are significant differences in government health expenditures among different regions and between urban and rural areas in western China.Promoting the coordinated and balanced development of regional and urban and rural medical and health care needs to be carried out according to local conditions and step by step.