黑龙江省4种野生百里香挥发油成分GC-MS分析

GC-MS Analysis of Essential Oils from 4 Thymus Species in Heilongjiang Province

采用水蒸气蒸馏法和气相色谱-质谱联用技术(GC-MS),比较兴安百里香(Thymus dahuricus Serg.)、显脉百里香(Thymus nervulosus Klok.)、百里香(Thymus mongolicus Ronn.)和地椒(Thymus quinquecostatus Cêlak.)茎叶挥发油的含油率与化学组成及其相对含量的差异。结果表明,4种百里香含油率介于0.29%~1.72%,其中兴安百里香的含油率最高。在这4种挥发油中,共鉴定出38种化合物,包括16种萜烯类、9种醇类、5种酚类、2种酯类、1种酮类、1种醚类、1种醛类等。其中,百里香酚相对质量分数最高(32.86%~79.04%),4种百里香都归类为百里香酚型;不同种百里香挥发油成分种类和含量存在明显差异。此结果可为黑龙江地区百里香的开发利用提供依据。

The content and the compositions of essential oils extracted with steam distillation from 4 Thymus species of(Thymus dahuricus Serg.,Thymus nervulosus Klok.,Thymus mongolicus Ronn.,Thymus quinquecostatus Cêlak.)are analyzed by using GC-MS method and compared.The results showed that the contents of essential oils extracted from the 4 Thymus species are 0.29%~1.72%,of which the essential oil content of Thymus dahuricus Serg.is the highest.38 volatile components in the essential oils has been detected,including 16 terpenes,9 alcohols,5 phenols,2 esters,1 ketones,1 ethers and 1 aldehydes etc.and their relative contents of thymol are the highest(32.86%~79.04%),based on which they are grouped as the thymol type.There are significant differences in types and contents of components in the essential oil among the 4 Thymus species,which can provide some evidences for the development and utilization of the 4 Thymus species in Heilongjiang Province.