m6A甲基化修饰在血液肿瘤中的研究进展

Research Progress of m6A Methylation Modification in Hematological Tumors——Review

N6-甲基腺嘌呤(m6A)甲基化修饰是真核生物mRNA最常见的一种表观遗传修饰方式,以动态、可逆的甲基化过程,参与多种细胞基因表达调控与生物学过程。近年来,诸多研究表明m6A甲基化修饰不仅作用于急性髓系白血病细胞的生长、增殖及髓样分化,还参与调控慢性髓系白血病、弥漫大B细胞淋巴瘤等其他血液肿瘤细胞的增殖与凋亡,甚至可以削弱抗血液肿瘤免疫疗效和诱导免疫逃逸导致肿瘤耐药。多种m6A甲基化相关酶抑制剂的相继研发,将为复发难治血液肿瘤患者提供新的治疗思路。本文就m6A甲基化对各血液肿瘤发生发展和肿瘤免疫的作用机制的研究进展作一综述。

N6-methyladenosine(m6A) is one of the most common epigenetic modifications of eukaryotic mRNAs,which is involved in the regulation of gene expressions and biological processes in a variety of cells with dynamic and reversible methylation processes. In recent years, many studies have shown that m6A methylation modification not only acts on the growth, proliferation, and medullary differentiation of acute myeloid leukemia cells, but also participates in the regulation of the proliferation and apoptosis of other hematological tumor cells such as chronic myeloid leukemia and diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, and it can even weaken the efficacy of anti-hematological tumor immunotherapy and induce immune escape leading to tumor resistance. With the successive development of a variety of m6A methylationrelated enzyme inhibitors, it will provide new therapeutic ideas for patients with relapsed and refractory hematological tumors. In this paper, we review the research progress on the mechanism of m6A methylation on the occurrence,development, and tumor immunity of various hematological tumors.