事后不可罚行为初探

A Preliminary Study on Unpunishable Post Factum

对于事后不可罚行为的概念,学者们争议较多。状态犯不应成为事后不可罚行为的前提,事后行为应是独立的犯罪,所侵害法益的范围及程度不应超过前行为。在对事后行为不可罚的原因进行解释时,无论是照搬大陆法系的法规竞合理论、构成要件理论,还是修正后的禁止重复评价理论、吸收犯理论,均难言准确合理。在实践中认定事后不可罚行为应当把握四个方面:前行为成立犯罪并既遂、行为侵犯的法益具有同一性、行为的主体应具有同一性、行为之间具有“必然的延伸关系”。

There is a lot of controversy among scholars about the concept of unpunishable post factum.The state offense should not be the premise of the unpunishable post factum,and the post factum should be an independent crime,and the scope and degree of the infringed legal interest should not exceed the previous factum.When explaining the reasons for the unpunishable post factum,it is difficult to be accurate and reasonable whether by copying the theory of competing statutes,the theory of constituent elements or the revised theory of prohibition of repeated evaluation,or the absorbable criminal theory.In practice,there are four aspects should be be taken into account in determining the unpunishable post factum:the un-punishable post factum constitutes a crime and is accomplished,the legal interest infringed by the act has the same nature,the subject of the act should have the same nature,and it has a“necessary extending relationship”between the acts.