屈光和遮盖适应性训练与干预治疗对弱视儿童焦虑和自尊水平的影响

Effect of refractive and cover adaptive training and intervention treatment on anxiety and self-esteem level of amblyopia children

目的分析弱视患儿社交焦虑和自尊水平的影响因素,以及屈光和遮盖适应性训练对患儿社交焦虑和自尊水平的影响。方法选取2019—2021年于空军军医大学唐都医院确诊的弱视患儿60例,分为屈光矫正组(n=31)与屈光矫正+遮盖治疗组(n=29),比较两组干预前后儿童社交焦虑量表(SASC)与儿童自尊量表(CSES)评分,并分析患儿心理状态的影响因素。结果干预治疗前,屈光矫正+遮盖治疗组与屈光矫正组CSES、SASC评分均无明显差异(P>0.05)。干预前多重线性回归分析显示,性别(女)、年龄、弱视类型(屈光参差型)及弱视程度与CSES、SASC评分无明显相关性(P>0.05);干预后多重线性回归分析显示,屈光矫正+遮盖治疗是CSES及SASC评分的独立影响因素(P<0.001)。干预后,屈光矫正+遮盖治疗组CSES、SASC评分均较屈光矫正组明显升高(P<0.05)。结论弱视患儿的心理状态因治疗措施的不同而产生差异,临床医生应根据患儿病情和心理状态采取个性化的弱视治疗方案。

Objective To analyze the influencing factors of social anxiety and self-esteem in amblyopia children,as well as the effects of refractive and cover adaptive training on social anxiety and self-esteem in amblyopia children.Methods Sixty amblyopia children diagnosed in Tangdu Hospital of Air Force Medical University during 2019 to 2021 were selected and divided into the refractive correction group(n=31)and refractive correction+cover treatment group(n=29).The scores of the Social Anxiety Scale for Children(SASC)and Self-esteem Scale for Children(CSES)before and after intervention were compared between the two groups.The influencing factors of children’s psychological state were analyzed.Results Before the intervention,there was no significant difference in the CSES and SASC scores between the refractive correction+cover treatment group and the refractive correction group(P>0.05).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that before intervention the gender(female),age,type of amblyopia(anisometropia)and degree of amblyopia had no significant correlation with the CSES and SASC scores(P>0.05).The multiple linear regression analysis showed that after intervention the refractive correction+cover treatment was an independent influencing factor of CSES and SASC scores(P<0.001).After intervention,the scores of CSES and SASC in the refractive correction+cover treatment group were significantly increased compared with those in the refractive correction group(P<0.05).Conclusion The psychological state of children with amblyopia varies due to different treatment measures.Clinicians should adopt the personalized amblyopia treatment scheme according to the condition and psychological state of child patients.