市政污泥好氧发酵过程难溶性磷酸盐转化研究进展

Research Progress on the Transformation of Insoluble Phosphate During Aerobic Fermentation of Municipal Sludge

从污水厂的污泥中回收磷是未来国内外市政污泥资源化的必然趋势,也是解决磷矿资源短缺的一个重要措施,已成为有机固废资源化领域的热点问题。市政污水处理厂污泥中的磷含量为7.10-27.60 g/kg,我国市政污泥产量巨大,预计2025年污泥年产量将突破9 000万t (以80%含水率计),是极具潜力的磷源。现有两种从市政污泥中回收磷的途径:从市政污泥中直接回收磷和在市政污泥处理处置过程中利用磷,而好氧发酵-土地利用是市政污泥处理处置的主流工艺之一。该工艺可将市政污泥中难溶性磷酸盐转化为可被植物吸收利用的有效磷,是实现市政污泥磷资源回收利用的有效途径。本文综述了国内外市政污泥好氧发酵过程难溶性磷酸盐转化为有效磷的研究现状,重点介绍了有机质和微生物对难溶性磷酸盐转化影响的研究进展,总结了市政污泥好氧发酵过程中难溶性磷酸盐转化所存在的问题并提出解决思路,同时对以市政污泥好氧发酵为基础的难溶性磷酸盐转化研究进行了展望,以期为市政污泥中的磷资源利用研究提供一些思考。

The recovery of phosphorus from sewage sludge is an inevitable trend of municipal sludge resource utilization at home and abroad in the future.It also an important measure to solve the shortage of phosphate rock resources, which has become a hot issue in the field of organic solid waste recycling.The phosphorus content in the sludge of municipal sewage treatment plants is 7.10-27.60 g/kg.The output of municipal sludge in China is huge.It is estimated that the annual output of sludge will exceed 90 million tons(calculated by 80% moisture content) in 2025,which is a potential phosphorus source.There are two ways to recover phosphorus from municipal sludge: Directly recovering phosphorus from municipal sludge and utilizing phosphorus in municipal sludge treatment and disposal.At present, aerobic fermentation-land application use is one of the mainstream technologies for municipal sludge treatment and disposal.This technology can convert insoluble phosphate in municipal sludge into available phosphorus, which is an effective way to realize the recycling of phosphorus resources in municipal sludge.In this article, the research status of the conversion of insoluble phosphates into available phosphorus in the aerobic fermentation process of municipal sludge at home and abroad is reviewed.The research progress of the effects of organic matter and microorganisms on the conversion of insoluble phosphates is mainly introduced.The problems existing in the conversion of insoluble phosphates in the aerobic fermentation process of municipal sludge are summarized and the solutions are proposed.At the same time, the research on the conversion of insoluble phosphates based on aerobic fermentation of municipal sludge is prospected, in order to provide some thoughts for the utilization of phosphorus resources in municipal sludge.