广西兴安县兴安片区风电场秋季鸟类多样性及其受风机的影响

Birds Diversity and Their Influence by Wind Turbines in Autumn at Xing′an Area Wind Farms, Xing′an County, Guangxi

风电场建设对鸟类的影响是近年来鸟类生态学研究的热点之一。为了解广西兴安县兴安片区风电场的鸟类物种组成及其受风机的影响,本研究于2021年9-10月,采用样线法对该区域的鸟类多样性进行调查。调查结果显示,共发现鸟类10目34科68种,目、科种类最多的分别是雀形目(Passeriformes, 54种)和鹟科(Muscicapidae, 6种)。白头鹎(Pycnonotus sinensis)多度(49.7%)最高,其次是棕头鸦雀(Sinosuthora webbiana,19.1%)和暗绿绣眼鸟(Zosterops simplex,15.0%)。调查的各生境类型中,灌木林记录的鸟类种类(42种)最多。距风机700 m以外鸟类丰富度最高,且数量明显增加,而700 m范围内鸟类数量变化不明显。研究结果表明,鸟类受风机的影响可能与局部的地形和植被差异有关。

The impact of wind farm construction on birds is one of the hotspots in avian ecology research in recent years.In order to understand the bird species composition of wind farms in Xing′an area of Xing′an County, Guangxi and its influence by wind turbines, the bird diversity in this area was investigated by line transect method from September to October 2021.The results showed that a total of 68 species of birds were found in 34 families of 10 orders, and the most species were Passeriformes(54 species) and Muscicapidae(6 species),respectively.The highest abundance of species was Pycnonotus sinensis(49.7%),followed by Sinosuthora webbiana(19.1%) and Zosterops simplex(15.0%).Among the habitat types surveyed, the highest bird richness was found in shrubberies(42 species).The richness of birds was the highest 700 m away from the wind turbines, and the number increased significantly, while the number of birds did not change significantly within 700 m.The results show that the influence of wind turbines on birds might be related to local differences of topography and vegetation.