自噬途径在急性肾损伤中的作用及靶向治疗策略研究进展

Research progress on the role of autophagy pathway in acute renal injury and targeted treatment strategies

自噬是用于降解细胞质组分的高度保守的细胞内分解代谢过程,近年来,因其在急慢性肾脏病发病机制及靶向治疗方面的重要性而备受关注。在生理和病理条件下,自噬在维持肾脏稳态中的作用至关重要,利用各种肾脏细胞组织特异性的条件性自噬相关基因敲除的研究逐步揭示了自噬在肾脏疾病中扮演的角色。最近的研究发现,自噬缺陷在肾脏不同病理状态下可能发挥关键作用,激活自噬在肾小球和肾小管间质中均表现出细胞保护功能,表明自噬的上调可能成为一种有潜力的治疗策略。然而,也有相反的证据表明自噬可能是有害的,这对研发针对上调自噬的治疗策略提出了巨大的挑战。

Autophagy is a highly conserved intracellular catabolic process used to degrade cytoplasmic components.In recent years,it has attracted much attention because of its importance in the pathogenesis and targeted therapy of acute and chronic kidney disease.Autophagy plays an important role in maintaining renal homeostasis under physiological and pathological conditions.The study of conditional autophagy related gene knockout specific to various renal cells has gradually revealed the role of autophagy in renal diseases.Recent studies have found that autophagy deficiency may play a key role in different pathological states of the kidney.Activated autophagy shows cytoprotective function in both glomerulus and renal tubulointerstitium,suggesting that the up regulation of autophagy may become a potential therapeutic strategy.However,there is also contrary evidence that autophagy may be harmful,which poses a great challenge to the development of therapeutic strategies for up-regulated autophagy.