智慧教育背景下高校科研产出的空间演化及其影响因素

Spatial Effects of Smart Education and University Scientific Research Output

为探究我国智慧教育的背景、内涵、本质对高校传统教学转型、智慧科研的传播普及作用,基于空间计量分析模型,构建智慧教育背景下我国不同地区高校科研产出水平的智慧科研评价指标体系,运用GRA-TOPSIS评价模型对2011—2020年31个省区市高校智慧教育及科研产出发展情况进行测算,并通过Moran's I自相关检验和空间杜宾模型对各地高校智慧教育背景下的高校科研产出的空间交互效应进行分析并分解其空间溢出效应,结果表明:智慧教育对高校科研产出具有明显的正向影响,其中智慧教育的发展对东部高校地区的影响呈现出先慢后快的趋势,而对中西部地区高校的科研产出水平的影响变化并不大,主要原因来自智慧教育的地区发展呈现先下降后上升的“U型”态势;中国高校教育科研产出水平存在着显著的时空效应,在时间维度上科研产出为动态累积变化趋势,在空间维度上表现为智慧教育水平能够对其周围邻近地区的科研产出产生一定的显著影响,区域间智慧教育的时空差异分布变化较小;智慧教育背景下的科研项目经费支持、教学师资水平与大学生科研素养对高校科研产出水平具有明显的正向作用,并将会长期影响周边临近地区高校科研产出水平,强烈表现为智慧教育的空间溢出效应。基于上述实证分析结果,提出:东部地区应发挥智慧教育先驱优势,总结有利经验与发展模式,推动区域间高校智慧教育背景下各类科研项目合作与发展,营造共建共享的科研氛围;此外,还需加大智慧教育投资建设力度,提高教育科研经费、师资培训水平以及扩大招生规模,有效带动我国高校整体智慧教育的可持续发展。

In order to explore the background,connotation and essence of smart education for the transformation of traditional teaching and dissemination and popularization of smart scientific research in colleges and universities,a smart scientific research evaluation index system is constructed based on spatial econometric model for the scientific research output of colleges and universities in different regions of China.The GRA-TOPSIS evaluation model is used to measure the development of smart education and scientific research output of universities in 31 provinces from 2011 to 2020.Meanwhile,Moran’s I autocorrelation test and spatial Durbin model are used to analyze the spatial interaction effects of university research output in smart education and decompose their spatial spillover effects.The results show that:(1)Smart education has a significant positive influence on the scientific research output of universities.The development of smart education has a slow and then fast influence on the universities of eastern regions,while the influence on the research output of universities in the central and western regions does not change much.The main reason is that the regional development of smart education shows a"U-shaped"trend.(2)There is a significant spatial and temporal effect on the scientific research output of Chinese universities.In the temporal dimension,the research output has a dynamic cumulative change trend,while in the spatial dimension,smart education can have significant influence on the research output of its neighboring regions.The spatial and temporal differences in the distribution of smart education between regions are less variable.(3)The financial support for research projects,teaching level and scientific quality of college students in smart education have significant positive effects on the scientific research output of colleges and universities,and it will affect the scientific research output of colleges and universities in the neighboring areas in the long term,which greatly displays the spatial spillover effect of smart education.Based on the results,accordingly,it is proposed that the eastern region should take pioneering advantage of smart education,supply favorable experience and development mode,promote the cooperation of various scientific research projects in the context of smart education in the region,and create the scientific research atmosphere of mutual construction and sharing.In addition,it is also necessary to increase the investment in smart education and research,enlarge teacher training and enrollment scale,so as to effectively drive the sustainable development of smart education in China’s universities as a whole.