阿托伐他汀钙对高脂血症兔模型主动脉瓣膜病理改变的影响

Effect of Atorvastatin on Pathological Changes of Aortic Valve in the Model of Hyperlipidemia Rabbits

【目的】探讨阿托伐他汀钙对高脂血症兔模型主动脉瓣膜病理改变的影响。【方法】选择39只健康雄性新西兰白兔,根据随机数字表法将其分为阿托伐他汀钙干预的饮食高脂组(AI组)、正常饮食的对照组(N组)、单纯高脂饮食组(HC组)。分别于实验开始4周、8周、12周后,取静脉血测定血浆脂质水平,于实验开始后8周、12周行主动脉瓣膜超声心动图检查,分析各组瓣膜形态改变情况,同时取主动脉瓣膜标本行组织学检测。【结果】HC组血清总胆固醇(TC)、C反应蛋白(CRP)、三酰甘油(TG)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平显著高于AI组、N组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);AI组8周、12周的血清TC、TG、CRP、LDL-C水平高于N组、低于HC组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。12周时,HC组超声心动图主动脉瓣膜出现增厚、回声增强,且随着高脂饮食时间延长,出现瓣膜钙化倾向,活动度下降;AI组超声心动图瓣膜改变程度较HC组减轻;N组主动脉瓣膜超声心动图前后无明显改变。HC组主动脉瓣膜的HE染色出现内皮损伤、脂质钙盐沉积、纤维组织的增生及巨噬细胞浸润引起的炎症反应等,AI组病变程度较HC组明显减轻。【结论】阿托伐他汀钙能够明显延缓因高脂血症而诱发的主动脉瓣膜病变进程。

【Objective】To investigate the effect of atorvastatin on the pathological changes of aortic valve induced by hyperlipidemia in rabbits.【Methods】A total of 39 healthy male New Zealand white rabbits were selected and divided into atorvastatin intervention diet high fat group(AI group),normal diet control group(N group)and simple high fat diet group(HC group)according to random number table.At 4,8 and 12 weeks after the start of the experiment,venous blood was taken to measure the plasma lipid level,and aortic valve echocardiography was performed at 8 and 12 weeks after the start of the experiment.The morphological changes of valves in each group were analyzed,and the aortic valve markers were taken for histological examination.【Results】The levels of serum total cholesterol(TC),C-reactive protein(CRP),triacylglycerol(TG)and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in the group HC were significantly higher than those in the group AI and the group N(P<0.05);The levels of serum TC,TG,CRP and LDL-C in the group AI at 8 and 12 weeks were higher than those in the group N and lower than those in thegroup HC(P<0.05).At 12 weeks,the echocardiographic aortic valve in the group HC showed thickening and echo enhancement,and with the prolongation of high-fat diet,there was a tendency of valve calcification and decreased activity;Echocardiographic valve changes in the group AI were less severe than those in the group HC;There was no significant change in the group N before and after echocardiography.HE staining of aortic valve in the group HC showed endothelial injury,deposition of lipid calcium salt,growth of fibrous tissue and inflammatory reaction caused by macrophage infiltration;The pathological changes in the group AI were less severe than those in the group HC.【Conclusion】Atorvastatin can significantly delay the process of aortic valve disease induced by hyperlipidemia.