上海市工伤人员康复意愿及其影响因素研究

Status quo and influencing factors of rehabilitation intention among injured workers in Shanghai,China

目的分析上海市工伤人员康复现状及参加康复治疗的意愿情况,促进工伤人员参加康复,提高治疗积极性。方法采用自行设计的调查问卷,依据松江、闵行、浦东、奉贤、嘉定、金山、青浦7个区2019年工伤鉴定核准人数的比例,采用分层随机抽样,于2020年8月至9月对抽取的工伤人员进行问卷调查。采用χ^(2)检验和二元Logistic回归模型分析工伤人员康复意愿的影响因素。结果共发放调查问卷860份,回收860份,有效问卷834份,有效回收率为97.0%。被调查者男性629人(75.4%),女性205人(24.6%);平均年龄(39.9±7.3)岁;缴纳工伤保险人员764人(91.6%)。613名工伤人员(73.5%)表示有康复意愿;不愿意参加康复的原因与对政策和康复知识了解不足、定点医院便利性较差有关。沪籍(OR=1.671;95%CI:1.0722.603),30005000元收入水平(OR=2.396;95%CI:1.0445.502)和10000元以上收入水平(OR=3.351;95%CI:1.3728.185),首诊医院接受过住院服务(OR=7.122;95%CI:4.87510.404),部分了解(OR=2.153;95%CI:1.0664.350)和较为了解(OR=3.240;95%CI:2.1604.859)政策的工伤人员更倾向于选择康复治疗(P<0.001)。结论上海市工伤保险覆盖率较高,但政策知晓率较低。重视人员流动、收入水平、政策了解程度、首诊住院情况等因素,推动贯彻执行“先康复,后鉴定”的工伤康复原则,加强政策宣传力度是促进工伤人员康复积极性的有力关注点。

Objective To investigate the status quo and influencing factors of rehabilitation intention among employees with work injury in Shanghai.Methods A questionnaire survey on the status quo and rehabilitation intention was conducted among employees with work injury in 7 districts in Shanghai selected by stratified random sampling method from August 2020 to September 2021.The influencing factors of rehabilitation intention were analyzed by one way ANOVA and binary logistic regression model.Results A total of 860 questionnaires were distributed,of which 834 were valid with a recovery rate of 97.0%.The survey showed that there were 629 men(75.4%)and 205 women(24.6%)with an average age of 39.9±7.3 years;764 persons(91.6%)had work-related injury insurance,613 persons(73.5%)were willing to participate in rehabilitation.The reasons for unwillingness to participate in rehabilitation were lack of the knowledge about rehabilitation policy and inconvenience for assigned rehabilitation institutions.Logistics regression analysis demonstrated that the Shanghai household registration(OR=1.671;95%CI:1.0722.603),income levels between 3000 to 5000 Yuan(OR=2.396;95%CI:1.0445.502)and over 10000 yuan(OR=3.351;95%CI:1.3728.185),partially acquaintance with rehabilitation policy(OR=2.153;95%CI:1.0664.350)or relatively better understanding of the policy(OR=3.240;95%CI:2.1604.859),and been hospitalized before rehabilitation(OR=7.122;95%CI:4.87510.404)were influencing factors of willing to participate in rehabilitation(P<0.001).Conclusion This survey indicates that the coverage rate of industrial injury insurance in Shanghai is high,while the policy acquaintance rate is low.The survey also reveals the factors related the rehabilitation intention,it is necessary to take countermeasures to enhance the rehabilitation intention among employees with work injury accordingly.