大渡河支流梭磨河流域地质灾害发育特征及防治对策探讨

DISCUSSION ON THE DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS AND PREVENTION COUNTERMEASURES OF GEOLOGICAL HAZARDS IN THE SUOMO RIVER BASIN

梭磨河流域内场镇密集,为阿坝州州府所在地,人口众多,重大基础设施沿线分布。区内地质灾害类型多,数量大,分布广,危害性大。为研究区内地质灾害发育特征,笔者通过现场调查、资料收集、遥感解译、Arc GIS空间统计分析等多种方法进行分析研究,得出以下结论:①区内地质灾害种类多,主要有泥石流、滑坡、崩塌,以泥石流为主,占比超过一半;②地质灾害爆发多在6~9月,规模以中小型为主,大型不发育;③地质灾害沿梭摩河流域及支沟两岸、场镇周边成条带状分布;④地质灾害发育主要受地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造等控制。加之近年来,受周边区域地震活动的影响,岩土体结构破坏,在强降雨或人类工程活动的诱发作用下,区内地质灾害有加剧趋势。结合区内地质灾害发育特征,有针对性地提出了推进区内地质灾害风险评价、加强监测、工程治理、避险搬迁和防灾培训等防治措施建议。

The Suomo River Basin is densely populated with infield towns and is the seat of the state capital of Aba Prefecture.It has a large population and major infrastructures are distributed along the line.There are many types of geological disasters in the area,the number is large,the distribution is wide,and the hazards are great.In order to study the characteristics of the development of geological disasters in the area,the author conducted analysis and research through various methods such as on-site investigation,data collection,and remote sensing interpretation,Arc GIS spatial statistical analysis,and draws the following conclusions:①Debris flows dominate,accounting for more than half;②Geological disasters erupted mostly from June to September,and the scale is mainly small and medium-sized,but large-scale is not developed;③Geological disasters form a strip along the Sumo River Basin and both banks of the branch and around the town Distribution;④The development of geological hazards is mainly controlled by topography,stratum lithology,and geological structure.In addition,in recent years,due to the impact of seismic activity in the surrounding area,the rock and soil structure has been destroyed.Under the induced action of heavy rainfall or human engineering activities,the geological disasters in the area have a tendency to intensify.Combining with the development characteristics of geological disasters in the region,targeted prevention and control measures such as the promotion of geological disaster risk assessment in the region,strengthening of monitoring,engineering governance,relocation and disaster prevention training are put forward.