《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》的编制与信效度评价

Development and evaluation on reliability and validity of the“knowledge-attitude-practice”scale for preventive treatment of disease through constitution of Chinese medicine

目的编制《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》,并进行信效度评价,为中医体质“治未病”健康管理提供测评工具。方法基于知识-态度-行为(下简称“知信行”)理论,通过文献回顾并结合专家意见,初步编制《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》。采取方便抽样方法,选择新疆和北京共3所大学的922名大学生为样本进行调查。量表信度评价采用内部一致性信度和折半信度,量表效度评价采用结构效度、集合效度和区分效度。结果编制形成的《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》共24个条目,分属于知识(8条目)、信念/态度(9条目)和行为(7条目)3个维度。量表总的克龙巴赫α系数为0.925(>0.9),各维度的克龙巴赫α系数为0.887~0.943(>0.8);折半信度Spearman-Brown系数为0.960。探索性因子分析提取的3个公因子累积贡献率为66.33%,结果与知信行理论一致;验证性因子分析显示模型拟合较好。集合效度相关系数为0.538~0.838(P<0.05),区分效度相关系数为0.096~0.541(P<0.05),集合效度和区分效度定标试验成功率均为100%。结论《中医体质“治未病”知信行量表》24条目,具有较好的信度和效度,可以用于中医体质“治未病”知信行测评及“治未病”健康管理工作。

Objective To develop the knowledge-attitude-practice(KAP)scale for preventive treatment of disease through constitution of Chinese medicine(KAP-PTDCCM)and test its reliability and validity,in order to provide an assessing tool for health management in preventive treatment through constitution of Chinese medicine.Methods The KAP-PTDCCM was initially developed by referring to literature review combined with expert opinion based on the KAP Theory.A convenience sample of 922 students from three universities in Xinjiang and Beijing were investigated.Reliabilities of KAP-PTDCCM were tested by internal consistency reliability and split-half reliability.Validities of KAP-PTDCCM were tested by construct validity,convergent validity and discriminant validity.Results The KAP-PTDCCM consisted of 24 items belonging to three dimensions:Knowledge(8 items),Belief/Attitude(9 items),and Practice(7 items).The total Cronbach′sαvalue of KAP-PTDCCM was 0.925(>0.9)and varied from 0.887 to 0.943(>0.8)for its three dimensions.Split-half reliability was 0.960.Results of exploratory factor analysis were in accordance with KAP theory,and the cumulative contribution rate of the top three factors was 66.33%.The indexes of confirmatory factor analysis showed a good fitness of the model.Convergent validity showed that correlation coefficients ranged from 0.538 to 0.838(P<0.05),and discriminant validity showed that correlation coefficients ranged from 0.096 to 0.541(P<0.05).The successful rate was 100%according to the convergent validity and discriminant validity tests.Conclusion The 24-item scale of KAP-PTDCCM seems to show good reliability and validity for the application in evaluating the knowledge,attitude,practice,and health management effect of preventive treatment of disease through constitution of Chinese medicine.