树莓叶斑病病原菌鉴定及其生物学特性分析

Pathogen Identification and Biological Characteristics of Raspberry Leaf Spot

为明确贵州省树莓叶斑病病原菌的种类及其生物学特性,本研究从人工栽培的树莓园内采集典型叶斑病叶片,采用组织分离法获得了代表性病原菌株S2,Koch's postulates(柯赫氏法则)证明S2是引起树莓叶斑病的病原菌。形态学和分子生物学综合鉴定菌株S2为木贼镰孢菌(Fusarium equiseti)。生物学特性研究结果表明:全光照可以促进S2菌丝生长和产孢;菌丝生长的最适温度为28℃,产孢最适温度为35℃;菌丝对碳源甘露醇利用效果最好,但乳糖能更好的促进菌株S2产孢;菌丝生长最适氮源为牛肉膏,产孢最适氮源为硫酸铵;察氏培养基为菌丝生长和产孢的最适培养基;最适pH为7。生物学特性研究结果为该病害的后续防治提供理论依据。

In order to clarify the pathogens and biological characteristics of raspberry leaf spot in Guizhou Province,the pathogen strain S2 was obtained by tissue isolation method.According to Koch’s postulates,the strain S2 was proved as pathogen of raspberry leaf spot.The strain was identified as Fusarium equiseti by morphological observation and molecular biological identification.The results of biological characteristics of S2 showed that full light accelerated mycelial growth and sporulation.The optimum temperature for growth and sporulation was 28℃and 35℃,respectively.The mycelium had the highest utilization of carbon source mannitol,but lactose could better promote the sporulation of strain S2.The optimum nitrogen source for mycelium growth was beef extract,and ammonium sulfate was the optimum nitrogen source for sporulation.Chakra’s medium was the optimum medium for growth and sporulation,and the optimum pH was 7.The results of biological characteristics of S2provide theoretical basis for the subsequent control of the disease.