基于正交试验的涡流管冷效特性分析

Analysis of Vortex Tube Cooling Characteristics based on Orthogonal Experiment

为改善涡流管制冷效应,通过正交试验设计和极差分析法,分析多因素交互性作用对涡流管性能的影响规律和作用机制。结果表明:冷热端管径比对涡流管制冷效应影响最大,其次是喷嘴数、热端管长径比和喷嘴偏转角度,每个参数最优值分别是冷热端管径比为0.5、喷嘴个数为6、热端管长径比为5、喷嘴偏转角度为0°;制冷温降随喷嘴个数增多先增大后减小,随冷热端管径比增大而增强,随长径比和偏转角度增加逐渐减弱;涡流管结构优化后,其制冷性能得到明显改善,制冷温降随入口压力变化明显,相比优化前最高提升了305%。

In order to improve the coolling effect of vortex tube,the orthogonal experimental design and the extremum difference analysis method were used to analyze the influence rule and mechanism of multivariate interaction on the performance of the vortex tube.The results show that the tube diameter ratio of the cold and hot edges has the greatest influence on the cooling effect of the vortex tube,followed by the number of nozzles,the length-diameter ratio of the hot edge tube and the deflection angle of the nozzle.For the optimal value of each parameter,the tube diameter ratio of the cold and hot edges is 0.5,the number of nozzles is 6,the length-diameter ratio of the hot edge pipe is 5,and the deflection angle of the nozzle is 0°;the cooling temperature drop increases first and then decreases with the increase of the number of nozzles,increases with the increase of the tube diameter ratio of the cold and hot edges,and decreases with the increase of length-diameter ratio and deflection angle gradually.After the vortex tube structure is optimized,its refrigeration performance is improved significantly,and the cooling temperature drop changes obviously with the inlet pressure,which is increased by 305%at most compared with that before optimization.