湖南地区无偿献血者HbA1c的调查分析

Investigation and analysis of HbA1c among voluntary blood donors in Hunan Province

目的了解献血者人群中HbA1c的异常情况,以便提高血液质量和献血者安全。方法于2021年4月~2022年3月在岳阳中心血站、娄底中心血站、郴州中心血站招募合格无偿献血者,收集献血者基线资料和筛查HbA1c,进行横断面分析。结果1397名合格献血者中HbA1c(5.7~6.4)%(糖尿病前期)占比为30.0%(419/1397),HbA1c≥6.5%(糖尿病)占比为5.3%(74/1397)。Logistic回归分析显示,年龄(OR=1.073,95%CI:1.058~1.088,P<0.05)、BMI(OR=1.096,95%CI:1.060~1.133,P<0.05)、性别(OR=2.392,95%CI:1.482~3.303,P<0.05)、吸烟(OR=2.216,95%CI:1.818~3.743,P<0.05)、饮酒(OR=3.615,95%CI:2.240~4.990,P<0.05)、教育水平(OR=0.077,95%CI:0.022~0.278,P<0.05)是献血者HbA1c的影响因素。结论湖南地区献血人群中,存在35.3%HbA1c异常(糖尿病和糖尿病前期)的献血者。对献血者进行HbA1c筛查,有助于提高献血者自身的健康管理,也可能有助于提高红细胞储存质量,降低患者输血不良反应的发生。

Objective To understand the abnormalities of HbA1c in the blood donor population in order to improve blood quality and blood donor safety.Methods The qualified voluntary blood donors,from April 2021 to March 2022,were recruited from Yueyang Central Blood Station,Loudi Central Blood Station and Chenzhou Central Blood Station.The baseline data and HbA1c screening results of blood donors were collected for cross-sectional analysis.Results Among 1397 eligible blood donors,30.0%(419/1397)was in the prediabetes range(HbA1c 5.7%~6.4%)and 5.3%(74/1397)was in the diabetes range(HbA1c≥6.5%).Logistic regression analysis showed that age(OR=1.073,95%CI:1.058~1.088,P<0.05,BMI(OR=1.096,95%CI:1.060~1.133,P<0.05),gender(OR=2.392,95%CI:1.482~3.303,P<0.05,smoking(OR=2.216,95%CI:1.818~3.743,P<0.05),drinking(OR=3.615,95%CI:2.240~4.990,P<0.05),and education level(OR=0.077,95%CI:0.022~0.278,P<0.05)were the influencing factors of HbA1c in blood donors.Conclusion Among the blood donors in Hunan,35.3%had abnormal HbA1c(diabetes and prediabetes).HbA1c screening of blood donors is helpful to improve the health management of blood donors,and may also help to improve the storage quality of red blood cells and reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions to blood transfusion in patients.