自闭症预测编码理论的研究进展

Research Progress of Predictive Coding Theory for Autism Spectrum Disorder

近年来自闭症谱系障碍(autism spectrum disorder,ASD)的预测编码理论越来越得到关注。该理论对ASD感知症状的原因及其与社会交往障碍的关系进行了解释。对预测编码相关文献的分析显示,研究主要集中在听觉、视觉、多感官整合三个方面。研究结果均表明ASD存在预测编码的缺陷,可能是其出现感知和社交障碍的病理基础。未来研究可利用神经影像技术从不同角度认识和理解ASD感知预测编码机制,将此作为ASD早期筛查、早期诊断的一项重要方法,并结合ASD感知情况制定相关的治疗与教育方案,如采用视频教学等技术对ASD的感知预测缺陷等方面进行干预。

Recently,the predictive coding theory of autism spectrum disorder(ASD)has attracted more attention.This theory explains the causes of ASD’s perceptual symptoms and its relationship with social communication disorders.The analysis of the literature related to predictive coding showed that the research mainly focused on the auditory sensation,vi⁃sion,and multi-sensory integration.The results of the study showed that ASD had deficits in predictive coding,which might be the pathological basis of its perceptual and social disorder.Future research can use neuroimaging technique to further understand the predictive coding mechanism in ASD,and to develop methods for early screening and diagnosis.Moreover,treatment and education programs should be made considering ASD’s perceptual feature,e.g.,using video teaching and oth⁃er techniques to intervene in the perceptual coding deficits in ASD.