积极与消极信息注意量表儿童版的测量学分析

Psychometric Analysis of the Children’s Version of the Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale

目的:考察积极与消极信息注意量表(the Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale,APNI)儿童版在我国小学儿童中的适用性。方法:使用APNI对1282名小学生进行问卷调查,以积极与消极情绪量表、儿童焦虑量表和儿童抑郁量表为效标检验其效标关联效度,两周后选取其中179名小学生进行重测。结果:探索性因素分析发现,APNI儿童版包括积极信息注意和消极信息注意两个因子;验证性因素分析表明,两因子模型拟合良好。积极信息注意与消极信息注意两个分量表和效标之间均存在显著相关,积极信息注意与积极情绪、消极情绪、焦虑和抑郁的相关系数分别为0.58、-0.38、-0.30和-0.54(P s<0.001),消极信息注意与积极情绪、消极情绪、焦虑和抑郁的相关系数分别为-0.23、0.39、0.49和0.39(P s<0.001);两个分量表的Cronbach’sα系数分别为0.85和0.72,分半信度分别为0.83和0.68,重测信度分别为0.63和0.63。结论:APNI儿童版具有良好的信效度,可用于评估我国小学儿童对积极与消极信息的注意偏向。

Objective:To evaluate the applicability of the children’s version of the Attention to Positive and Negative Information Scale(APNI)in Chinese elementary school children.Methods:A total of 1282 elementary school students completed the children’s version of APNI,and 179 of them were retested 2 weeks later.The Positive and Negative Affect Schedule,the Spence Children’s Anxiety Scale,and the Children’s Depression Inventory were used to as the criteria-relat⁃ed validity instruments.Results:Exploratory factor analysis revealed two distinct factors:attention to positive information and attention to negative information.Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the two-factor model.Significant correlations were found between two subscales and criterion variables.Specifically,attention to positive information was significantly correlated with positive affect,negative affect,anxiety,and depression(r s=0.58,-0.38,-0.30,and-0.54,respectively,P s<0.001).Attention to negative information was also significantly correlated with positive affect,negative affect,anxiety,and depression(r s=-0.23,0.39,0.49,and 0.39,respectively,P s<0.001).In addition,the Cronbach’sαof two subscales were 0.85 and 0.72,the split-half reliabilities were 0.83 and 0.68,and the test-retest reliabilities were 0.63 and 0.63.Conclu⁃sion:The Children’s version of APNI is a reliable and valid instrument for assessing elementary school children’s atten⁃tion to positive and negative information in China.