大学生抑郁情绪特征的潜在类别分析

Latent Profile Analysis on the Characteristics of College Students’Depression

目的:基于大学生的抑郁情绪特征进行人群划分,并重点分析性别、年级和症状自评量表10个维度对抑郁情绪潜在类别的预测效应。方法:整群抽取湖北省3所高校2016-2019级13630名在校大学生,进行自评抑郁量表(SDS)和症状自评量表(SCL-90)的测评,采用潜在剖面分析(LPA)和Logistics回归等方法进行数据分析。结果:(1)大学生抑郁情绪可划分为3个类型,分别是C1无抑郁情绪组(47.1%)、C2中度抑郁组(14.6%)和C3轻度抑郁组(38.3%)。(2)性别和年级对大学生抑郁情绪潜在类别具有显著预测效应,男生更易进入C3轻度抑郁组,更不易进入C2中度抑郁组;低年级学生更易进入C3轻度抑郁组。(3)SCL-90中的躯体化、强迫症状、抑郁、敌对、恐怖和偏执等维度对C2中度抑郁组和C3轻度抑郁组具有显著预测作用。结论:大学生抑郁情绪具有显著的群体异质性和个体差异性,女生和高年级学生的抑郁情绪更为突出。

Objective:Features of the potential risks of depression among college students were classified and analyzed in this article,with a focus on the predictive effects of gender,grade level,and depression susceptibility-stress factors on depression.Methods:A total of 13630 college students from 3 universities in Hubei Province from 2016 to 2019 were ran⁃domly selected,data analysis was mainly based on the Latent Profile Analysis(LPA).Results:College students’depres⁃sion could be divided into 3 categories:C1 non-depression group(47.1%),C2 moderate depression group(14.6%)and C3 mild depression group(38.3%);female college students and senior ones tended to undergo more depression.Anxiety and psychosis were significant predictors for the moderately depressed group.Somatization,hostility,and obsessive-compulsive symptoms were significant predictors for both the mildly depressed group and the moderately depressed group.Depressed students showed more psychiatric and somatization symptoms.Conclusion:The depression of college students has signifi⁃cant group heterogeneity and individual difference,and the depression of girls and senior students is more prominent.