国际法治对国家经济发展的塑造

The Impact of International Law on State’s Economic Development

国际法既为一国参与国际经济活动提供基本准则,又对一国谋求经济发展的措施施加限制,具有客观结构性。主权国家在国际法律框架中可以发挥主观能动性,战略运用国际法来推动本国经济发展。国际法的客观结构性与主权国家的主观能动性共同构成了国际法塑造国家经济发展的理论框架。自上世纪中叶,诸多国家的发展历程印证了国际法对经济发展的塑造:一些拉美国家在国际法的限制下,债务危机不断恶化;中国发挥主观能动性,战略性地运用国际法,发展成就瞩目。观察和总结经济发展的国际法塑造,有助于认识国际法在国家经济发展中的作用:国际法同时支持和限制着一个国家的经济发展。

International law delineates the rules for international economic activities and constrains the options facing states in pursuit of economic development. Sovereign states could take the initiative in strategically employing international law for promoting economic development. The structural constraints imposed by international law and the strategic initiative of states together constitute the theoretical framework of international law shaping the economic development of states. The shaping of economic development by international law is witnessed in the economic paths of various states since the mid-20century. The economies of various Latin American countries trapped in debt loops are worsened by the constraints imposed by international law. But China, with a strategic employment of international law, has achieved a miraculous growth. A description of the shaping of economic development by international law offers new perspectives on the functions of international law—international law simultaneously supports and constrains the economic development of a country.