学龄前儿童乳牙列错[牙合]畸形的影响因素分析与建议

Analysis of Influencing Factors of Primary Dentition Malocclusion in Preschool Children and Suggested Measures

目的:调查深圳市龙岗区学龄前儿童乳牙列错[牙合]畸形的影响因素,提出干预措施。方法:选取2021年2-7月深圳市龙岗区10所幼儿园中共2100名乳牙列错[牙合]畸形儿童作为研究对象,分析儿童错[牙合]畸形的危险因素及错[牙合]畸形的患病率。结果:学龄前儿童错[牙合]畸形的高危因素包括口腔不良习惯、乳牙早失、家族史。在2100例受检儿童中,一般正常[牙合]占28.10%(590/2100),错[牙合]畸形患病率高达71.90%(1510/2100)。Logistic回归分析结果显示,咬唇、偏侧咀嚼、口呼吸、吮指均是儿童错[牙合]畸形发生的独立危险因素。结论:学龄前儿童乳牙列错[牙合]畸形发生的高危因素包括口腔不良习惯、乳牙早失、家族史等,应对学龄前儿童应采取针对性干预措施,降低乳牙列错[牙合]畸形发生率。

Objective:To investigate the influencing factors of primary dentition malocclusion in preschool children in Longgang District of Shenzhen City,and propose intervention measures.Methods:A total of 2100 children with primary dentition malocclusion were selected from 10 kindergartens in Longgang District of Shenzhen City from February to July in 2021 as the research object.The risk factors and prevalence of malformations in children were analyzed.Results:High-risk factors for malformations in preschool children included bad oral habits,premature loss of deciduous teeth,and family history.Among the 2100 children investigated,28.10%(590/2100)were generally normal,and the prevalence of malformations was up to 71.90%(1510/2100).Logistic regression analysis showed that lip biting,partial chewing,oral breathing,and finger sucking were all independent risk factors for the occurrence of malformations in children.Conclusion:The high-risk factors for the occurrence of primary dentition malocclusion in preschool children include bad oral habits,premature loss of deciduous teeth and family history.Targeted intervention measures should be taken in preschool children to reduce the incidence of primary dentition malocclusion.