元宇宙概念及其金融化的政治经济学分析

Digital Rent-Seeking For Conceptualizing Metaverse and Their Financialization Trends--Analysis Based on Political Economy

数字经济作为新型产业形态催生了大量新概念,元宇宙就是近来火热发展的概念之一。元宇宙以绝对脱嵌的虚拟性、去中心化的自由性以及独一无二的稀缺性吸引了大量社会关注,甚至引发了金融投机。但本文基于政治经济学的理论分析发现,元宇宙获得收入的关键仍是建立在数字圈禁基础上的知识租金,而元宇宙的三大特性则是创造数字圈禁的必要手段。在知识租金的基础上,数字平台资本将与金融化投机资本结合,通过数字所有权和使用权的寻租,引发金融化问题。本文呼吁要警惕元宇宙概念宣扬的脱离物质世界与价值生产的倾向,更要注意与之相关的金融化行为对实体经济发展的侵蚀。

As a new industry,digital economy has nurtured numerous new concepts,and Metaverse is one of the current popular concepts.The concept of Metaverse has attracted lots social attention and even triggered financial speculation because of the three characteristics including the absolute disembedded virtuality,decentralized freedom and unique scarcity.However,based on the relevant theory of political economy,this paper finds that the majority of income in Metaverse is still knowledge rent based on digital enclosure,and the three characteristics of Metaverse are the necessary means to create digital enclosure.On the basis of knowledge rent,the combination of digital platform capital and financial speculative capital leads to the inevitable trend of financialization through the rent-seeking of the digital ownership and the right of use.This paper calls for vigilance against the tendency of breaking away from the material world and value production advocated by the concept of Metaverse.And the society needs to pay more attention to the erosion of the related financial behavior to the development of the real economy.