基于施瓦布实践课程观下教师角色转变的启示

Implications of Change of Teacher’s Role Based on Schwab’s Practical Curriculum Concept

教师与课程有着天然的关系,但教师在课程改革中却常常被边缘化。结构主义运动失败后,施瓦布经过反思和探索提出了实践课程观。在实践课程观下,教师在课程中扮演的角色由被动执行转变为积极参与,教师成为课程的四要素之一,是课程实践的主体,也是课程改革的重要驱动力。实践课程观对教师角色的强调,对我国课程改革有积极的启示作用,课程开发、实施等环节须包含教师的声音。课程改革可通过提高教师自身的课程开发能力和加大外部环境支持等途径,使课程更好地从理论走向实践,实现全面发展的育人目标。

Teachers have a natural relationship with the curriculum, but teachers are often “marginalized” in curriculum reform. After the failure of the structuralist movement, Schwab came up with a practical curriculum concept after reflection and exploration. Under the practical curriculum concept, the role of teachers in the curriculum has changed from passive execution to active participation. Teachers become one of the four elements of the curriculum, the main body of curriculum practice, and an important driving force for curriculum reform.The emphasis on the role of teachers in the practical curriculum concept has a positive enlightening effect on China’s curriculum reform: curriculum development, implementation and other links must include the voice of teachers. Curriculum reform can improve teachers’ own curriculum development capabilities and increase support from the external environment, so that the curriculum can better move from theory to practice, and achieve the goal of educating people for all-round development.