张女郎神崇祀与世俗形象考

A Research on the Worship of the Goddess Zhang and the Secular Image

张女郎神崇祀起源于汉中地区,因其父张鲁的权势和道教徒的神化而兴起。她的崇祀随着道教传播范围的扩大,具有了多样性,也因各地地域文化的不同具有了地域性,折射出民众崇神的现实心态。到了唐代,张女郎神一方面作为神女受到普通大众的崇祀,另一方面又以世俗的形象出现在文人墨客的笔下。他们用谐趣的手段一改前代张女郎神的贞洁神圣形象,赋予其俗世之人的喜怒哀乐。张女郎神形象的转变打上了时代烙印,从侧面反映出民众的审美趣味和时代风气。

The worship of Goddess Zhang originated in the Hanzhong area, and it arose because of the power of her father Zhang Lu and the deification of Taoists. With the expansion of the spread of Taoism, her worship has become diverse, and it also has regional characteristics due to the different regional cultures. Her worship reflects the reality of the people’s worship of God. In the Tang dynasty, the Goddess Zhang was worshipped by ordinary people as a goddess on the one hand, and appeared in the writings of scholars and writers in a secular image on the other hand. They used humorous means to change the chaste and holy image of the previous generation of Goddess Zhang, so that she has the joys, sorrows and feelings of people. The transformation of Goddess Zhang’s image has been branded with the times, reflecting the public’s aesthetic taste and the ethos of the times from the side.