正念训练对护生疼痛注意的影响:共情的调节作用

The impact of mindfulness training on pain attention among nursing students:the moderating role of empathy

目的探讨正念与共情的关系以及正念训练对疼痛注意的影响,并进一步探讨共情在正念训练影响疼痛注意中的作用机制。方法招募护生80名,完成五因素正念度量表、人际反应指针量表以及以疼痛图片为刺激材料的点探测任务。然后将被试随机分成正念组和对照组,正念组接受8周正念训练,对照组接受1次正念知识的讲座。最后,所有被试再次完成量表和点探测任务。结果行为实验中,与对照组相比,正念训练减少了正念组个体对疼痛图片的注意偏向,易化了其对疼痛图片的注意脱离。只有当正念训练提升了共情[β=-33.963,95%CI(-55.519,-12.407),P=0.002]时,正念训练才能显著易化个体对疼痛刺激的注意脱离。结论正念训练会降低个体对疼痛刺激的注意偏向,而正念对疼痛刺激注意脱离的影响受到共情的调节。

Objective To explore the relationship between mindfulness and empathy,and the effect of mindfulness training on pain attention,and the mechanism of empathy in the effect of mindfulness training on pain attention among nursing students.Methods 80 nursing students were recruited to complete the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire and Interpersonal Reactivity Index-Chinese version as well as a modified dot-probe task with painful picture as stimuli.Participants were then randomly divided into the mindfulness group and the control group.The mindfulness group received 8-week mindfulness training,and the control group received a lecture about mindfulness.Finally,all participants completed the scales and dot-probe task again.Results For behavioral response,compared to controls,the mindfulness group showed reduced attention bias to painful pictures,and facilitated attention disengagement from painful pictures.Mindfulness training could significantly facilitate attentional disengagement from painful stimuli,only when mindfulness training improved empathy[β=-33.963,95%CI(-55.519,-12.407),P=0.002].Conclusion Mindfulness training can reduce attentional bias to painful stimuli,and the effect of mindfulness training on attentional disengagement from painful stimuli was moderated by empathy.