氢氧化钠、温水和IBA浸种对华山松幼苗生长和生物量的影响

Effects of Seeds Soaked with NaOH,Warm Water and IBA on Growth and Biomass Accumulation of Pinus armandii Seedlings

【目的】为了解不同浓度氢氧化钠(NaOH)与温水和吲哚丁酸(Indolebutric acid,IBA)溶液组合浸种对华山松(Pinus armandi)幼苗生长和生物量积累的影响,提供华山松壮苗培育种子处理的科学依据。【方法】采用L_(9)(3~4)正交设计,开展NaOH、温水和IBA溶液组合浸种对华山松幼苗生长和生物量影响的试验研究,测定苗龄128 d幼苗的生长和生物量,计算含水率,分析指标间的相关性,推导指标间的线性方程。【结果】苗龄128 d时,处理组合幼苗的地径、胚轴长、苗高、主根长、全株生物量和含水率分别为1.52~2.04 mm、6.0~8.8 cm、7.0~9.6 cm、14.1~22.8 cm、0.236 7~0.314 1 g/株和67.9%~72.3%,处理组合间6个指标均呈极显著的差异(P<0.01)。除影响全株含水率的主导因子是IBA溶液浸种外,其余指标的均是NaOH溶液浸种。0.15%的NaOH溶液浸种极显著地促进华山松幼苗地径的增大和全株生物量的积累(P<0.01)。IBA溶液浸种极显著和显著地促进胚轴和苗高的生长(P<0.05或P<0.01),且极显著地提高叶的含水率(P<0.01)。幼苗器官的生物量和含水率由高到低均是叶、干、根。叶、干和根的生物量和含水率分别占全株的53.5%、25.7%和20.8%与35.0%、33.9%和31.1%。地径、干含水率及叶含水率与NaOH溶液浸种的浓度间呈极显著的正相关,胚轴、主根长、苗高及干生物量与NaOH溶液浸种的浓度间呈极显著的负相关,胚轴、叶含水率、全株含水率和苗高与IBA溶液浸种的浓度间呈极显著或显著的正相关(P<0.01或P<0.05)。幼苗地径、胚轴长、主根长、苗高、干生物量、干含水率、叶含水率及全株含水率与实验因素间呈线性关系。【结论】NaOH、温水和IBA溶液的不同水平组合,生产中可促进华山松幼苗生长和生物量积累,并改变其器官和全株含水率,可根据苗木培育的目标需求,采用不同水平组合培育幼苗,实现其壮苗培育的目的。促进地径生长和全株生物量积累,可采用0.15%NaOH溶液浸种1 h后用温水浸种4 h;温水浸种4 h后0.30 g/L的IBA溶液浸种3 h可促进胚轴伸长和苗高生长;不处理的主根最长(ck);0.30%NaOH溶液浸种1 h后0.30 g/LIBA溶液浸种3 h提高全株含水率。在生产实践中,可根据实际需要,采用不同水平组合培育华山松幼苗。

[Objective]This study aims to understand the effects of seed soaked with different concentrations of NaOH,warm water and Indolebutric acid(IBA)solution on the growth and biomass accumulation of Pinus armandii seedlings,thus providinge a scientific basis for seed treatment to raising sound seedlings of Pinus armandii.[Method]The L_(9)(3~4)orthogonal design was employed to implement the experiment of the effects of seed soaked with the NaOH,warm water and IBA solution on the growth and biomass of P. armandii.The growth and biomass for 128-day old seedlings were measured,the water contents were calculated,the correlation between parameter involved experimental factors was analyzed,and the linear equation between parameters involved experimental factors was deduced.[Results]For 128-day-old seedlings,basal diameters(BDs),hypocotyl lengths(HLs),seedling heights(SHs),taproot lengths(TLs),whole seedling biomass(WSB)and moisture contents(MCWSs)of the treatment combinations(TCs)were 1.52-2.04 mm,6.0-8.8 cm,7.0-9.6 cm,14.1-22.8 cm,0.236 7-0.314 1 g/seedling and 67.9%-72.3%,respectively.The six indexes were significantly different among the treatment combinations(P<0.01).Except that the dominant factor affecting the MCs of the whole seedling was of the seed soaked in the IBA solution,the other parameters were of the seed soaked in the NaOH solution. Soaking seeds in 0.15% NaOH solution significantly promoted the increase of the BDs and the accumulation of the WSBs of P. armandii seedlings(P<0.01).Soaking seeds in the IBA solution significantly promoted the growth of the HLs and HSs(P<0.05 or P<0.01),and significantly increased the MCs of leaves(P<0.01).The biomass and MCs of seedling organs were leaf > stem > root. The biomass and MCs of leaves,stems and roots accounted for 53.5%,25.7%,20.8%,35.0%,33.9% and 31.1% of the whole seedling,respectively.There was a significant positive correlation between the BD,dry MC,leaf MC and seed soaking concentration in the NaOH solution;a significant negative correlation between the HL,TL,SH,the biomass of stem and seed soaking concentration in the NaOH solution;and a extremely significant positive correlation between the MCs of hypocotyl,leaf and whole whole seedling with the SH and soaking concentration in IBA solution(P<0.05 or P<0.01).There was a linear relationship between the BD,HL,TL,SH,stem biomass,stem MC,leaf MC and MCWS of the seedlings.[Conclusion]The combination of NaOH,warm water and IBA solution at different levels could promote the growth and biomass accumulation of P. armandii seedlings,change seedling organs and the MCWS.According to the needs of seedling cultivation,different level combinations could be applied to raising seedlings to achieve strong seedling cultivation.To promote the growth of the BDs and the accumulation of whole seedling biomass,it is recommended that the seeds may be soaked in the 0.15% NaOH solution for 1 h and then soaked in warm water for 4 h,then in the 0.30 g/L IBA solution for 3 h,which could promote hypocotyl elongation and the SH growth.The longest taproot without treatment(ck).Soaking seeds in 0.30% NaOH solution for 1 h,and then in the 0.30 g/L IBA solution for 3 h increased the MCWSs.According to the actual needs in production,different level combinations could be used to cultivate P. armandii seedlings.