基于PERMA模式的积极心理干预在康复期精神分裂症患者中的应用

PERMA-based positive psychological intervention in patients with schizophrenia in recovery period

目的 探讨基于PERMA模式的积极心理干预对康复期精神分裂症患者自尊、病耻感及生活质量的影响。方法 选取驻马店市第二人民医院2021年4月—2022年3月收治的康复期精神分裂症患者120例,采用随机数字表法分为观察组与对照组,每组60例。对照组患者给予常规健康教育干预,观察组患者在对照组基础上实施基于PERMA模式的积极心理干预。采用自尊量表(SES)、自知力与治疗态度问卷(ITAQ)、Link病耻感量表及生活质量量表(SQLS)评估患者干预前后自尊水平、病耻感及生活质量。结果 2组患者干预后SES、ITAQ评分均高于干预前,且观察组均高于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者干预后Link病耻感量表贬低-歧视感知、保密、退缩、教育、挑战、分离、误解、不同/羞耻维度评分及总分均低于干预前,且观察组均低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。2组患者干预后SQLS中心理社会、动力和精力、症状和副作用3个分量表评分均低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论 基于PERMA模式的积极心理干预能显著改善康复期精神分裂症患者自尊、自知力和病耻感,提高其生活质量。

Objective To investigate the effect of Positive Emotion, Engagement, Relationships, Meaning, and Accomplishment(PERMA)-based positive psychological intervention on self-esteem, stigma, and quality of life in patients with schizophrenia during the rehabilitation period. Methods A total of 120 patients with schizophrenia during the rehabilitation period from April 2021 to March 2022 in the Zhumadian Second People’s Hospital were randomly assigned to the observation group and control group, with 60 cases in each group. Patients in the control group received routine health education intervention, and patients in the observation group PERMA-based positive psychological intervention based on the intervention in the control group. The self-esteem scale(SES), insight and treatment attitude questionnaire(ITAQ), Link stigma scale, and schizophrenia quality of life scale(SQLS) were used to assess the self-esteem level, stigma, and quality of life of patients before and after the intervention. Results The SES and ITAQ scores of the two groups after intervention were significantly higher than those before the intervention, and the observation group was significantly higher than the control group(P<0.05). After the intervention, the perceived Devaluation-Discrimination, secrecy, withdrawal, distancing, challenging, misunderstanding, different from others/feeling shamed dimension scores, and total scores in the Link stigma scale of the patients in the 2 groups were lower than those before the intervention, with the observation group lower than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P <0.05). The scores of psychosocial, motivation and energy, symptoms, and side effects in SQLS after intervention in the 2 groups were lower than those before the intervention, with the observation group lower than the control group, and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05). Conclusion PERMA-based Positive psychological intervention can significantly improve the self-esteem, insight, and stigma of patients with schizophrenia during the rehabilitation period, and improve their quality of life.