“脆弱性”或“易感性”对儿童问题行为影响的理论探索

A Theoretical Exploration of the Influence of "Vulnerability" or "Susceptibility" on Children’s Problem Behaviors

儿童问题行为的发生与发展与其个体本身、家庭环境以及与家庭有关的各种因素息息相关。遗传因素在环境因素与内外化问题行为的关系中扮演重要的调节作用,但有时会符合不同的理论模型,主要包括素质-压力模型和差别易感性模型。在不同时期、采用不同研究方法是导致结果不同的重要原因,因此需要区分年龄阶段,区分特定气质,区分测量方法,进行更加系统的横向研究,问题行为发展的理论模型遵循一贯性原则还是发展性原则需要在横向研究的基础上展开纵向研究加以验证。

The occurrence and development of children’s problem behaviors are closely related to intra-individuals, family environment, and various factors related to their families. The regulatory role of genetic factors in the relationship between environmental factors and internalized and externalized problem behaviors sometimes conforms to different theoretical models, mainly including the diathesis-stress model and the differential susceptibility model. Different research periods and different research methods are important reasons for different results. Therefore, it is necessary to distinguish age, specific temperament, and measurement methods, and conducting more systematic horizontal research, and whether the theoretical model of problem behavior development follows the principle of consistency or development needs to be verified by longitudinal research on the basis of horizontal research.