闲暇时间对个体劳动生产率影响的机制与成效--基于中国居民微观数据的经验分析

Mechanism and Effectiveness of the Impact of Leisure Time on Individual Labor Productivity—Empirical Analysis Based on Micro-data of Chinese Residents

作为时间配置领域的研究分支,时间利用的经济效应一直是时间经济学研究的重点问题。本文基于《中国经济生活大调查(2017—2018年)》微观数据,评估闲暇时间对个体劳动生产率的影响,并进一步验证了两者的作用机制。研究发现:首先,闲暇时间对劳动生产率的影响呈现为先增加、后减少的倒U型曲线。经测算,现阶段中国居民的日均最优闲暇时间是存在的。其次,闲暇时间对个体劳动生产率的影响程度取决于个体的人口统计学特征、社会经济特征和区域特征。对作用机制的分析表明,人力资本、产业结构是闲暇时间对劳动生产率的作用通道,闲暇时间可以通过影响个体幸福感和健康状况来作用于个体的劳动生产率提高。

As a research branch in the field of time allocation,the economic effect of time utilization is a crucial issue in time economics.Based on the micro-data of the 2017—2018 China Economic Life Survey(CELS),this paper evaluates the impact of leisure time on individual labor productivity,and further verifies the mechanism between them.The results are shown as follows.Firstly,the effect of leisure time on labor productivity presents an inverted U curve of first increasing and then decreasing.According to the calculation,Chinese residents have an average daily optimal leisure time.Secondly,the impact of leisure time on individual labor productivity depends on demographic,socio-economic,and regional characteristics.The analysis of the mechanism of action shows that human capital and industrial structure are the channels of leisure time on labor productivity,and leisure time can improve individuals’labor productivity by influencing their well-being and health.