高寒煤矿渣山植被建植年限对土壤细菌多样性的影响

Effects of Construction Years of Coal Mine Slag Mountain Grass on Soil Bacterial Diversity

针对高寒煤矿渣山生态恢复问题,选取江仓矿区渣山不同建植年限(1,3,5年)草地土壤为研究对象,测定土壤化学性质、土壤酶活性,利用高通量测序技术分析土壤细菌多样性。结果表明:与建植1年相比,建植5年的土壤养分含量除速效钾以外均显著增加(P<0.05);随建植年限的延长,土壤酶活性均显著增加(P<0.05);建植3年的细菌丰富度与多样性均显著高于建植1年和5年(P<0.05);样地优势细菌门为放线菌门(Actinobacteria)与变形菌门(Proteobacteria),优势菌属为鞘氨醇单胞菌属(Sphingomonas);随建植年限的增长,土壤有机质、全氮含量和土壤酶活性等能够显著影响变形菌门、酸杆菌门(Acidobacteria)相对丰度。因此,对江仓矿区进行植被建植能有效提高和改善土壤养分含量、酶活性以及细菌群落丰富度与多样性。

To understand the ecological restoration of coal mine slag hills,we investigated the soil chemical properties,soil enzyme activity and soil bacterial diversity of sites with soil inoculation under different restoration durations(1,3 and 5 years)in the slag hills of Jiangcang mine were measured and analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology.The results showed that soil nutrients,except for available potassium(AK),increased significantly(P<0.05)in 5 years of establishment compared with 1 year of establishment.Soil enzyme activity increased significantly(P<0.05)with the increase of establishment year.Bacterial richness and diversity were significantly higher(P<0.05)in the 3 years of establishment than in the 1 and 5 years of establishment.The dominant bacteria were Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria,and Sphingomonas.Soil organic matter(OM),total nitrogen(TN)and soil enzyme activity could significantly affect proteobacteria and acidobacteria with the increase of planting time.Therefore,vegetation construction in Jiangcang mining area can effectively improve soil nutrient content,enzyme activity and bacterial community richness and diversity.