照顾者预防儿童哮喘发作健康信念问卷的编制与检验

Development of Questionnaire of Pediatric Asthma Caregiver′s Health Belief on Asthma Attack Prevention:testing of reliability and validity

目的为评估照顾者预防儿童哮喘发作健康信念提供可靠工具。方法以健康信念模型为理论基础,采用文献回顾、专家咨询法、预调查法形成正式调查问卷。选取2所妇幼保健院253名哮喘患儿照顾者进行调查。结果最终形成的问卷包含感知易感性、感知严重性、自我效能、感知障碍、感知益处5个维度共41个条目。总问卷的Cronbach′sα系数为0.947,各维度的Cronbach′sα系数0.814~0.963。探索性因子分析提取5个因子,累积方差贡献率为62.951%。问卷平均内容效度指数为0.917。结论照顾者预防儿童哮喘发作健康信念问卷具有较好的信效度,可用于照顾者预防儿童哮喘发作健康信念的评估。

Objective To develop a reliable tool to assess pediatric asthma caregiver′s health belief on asthma attack prevention.Methods Based on the health belief model,the Questionnaire of Pediatric Asthma Caregiver′s Health Belief on Asthma Attack Prevention was developed through literature review,expert consultation,and pilot survey.Then 253 pediatric asthma caregivers from 2 women′s and children′s hospitals were conveniently selected for questionnaire survey.Results The final version of the questionnaire contained 5 dimensions(perceived susceptibility,perceived seriousness,self-efficacy,perceived barriers,perceived benefits)with 41 items.The Cronbach′sαcoefficient was 0.947 for overall questionnaire,and 0.814 to 0.963 for the dimensions.Exploratory factor analysis extracted 5 factors,collectively contributing to a cumulative variance rate of 62.951%.The content validity index of the tool was 0.917.Conclusion The questionnaire enjoys good reliability and validity,rendering it a valid tool to assess caregivers′health belief on their children′s asthma attack prevention.