口腔正畸器械材料消毒与手卫生现状调查及干预效果分析

Investigation of present situation of disinfection and hand hygiene of orthodontic instruments and materials and analysis of intervention effect

目的了解口腔正畸治疗过程中器械材料消毒与医护人员手卫生的现状及干预效果评价。方法随机选择2020年5月—7月重庆医科大学附属口腔医院正畸科椅旁60份正畸器械、材料为研究对象,同时选择医院医护人员10名为研究对象,医生、护理人员各5名,分为医师组与护士组;对消毒前后口腔正畸材料进行细菌菌落数监测,以评价其消毒效果及医护人员的使用满意度;对医护人员洗手前后手部卫生情况进行采样细菌监测,以评价其手卫生情况。结果本研究样本中部分正畸器械和材料消毒前细菌菌落数超标,采用0.18%~0.22%复合季铵盐擦拭消毒后,细菌菌落数水平降低至合格水平,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组医护人员消毒后对正畸器械、材料的满意度评分均高于消毒前,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);医护人员洗手前,手部细菌菌落数超标,经规范的洗手后,细菌污染程度显著降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);2组洗手后菌落计数少于洗手前,护士组洗手后菌落计数低于医师组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论本研究样本中正畸器械和材料均存在不同程度的污染,经消毒干预后可达到医疗机构消毒合格标准,医护人员对消毒后正畸器械、材料的满意度较高;医护人员手通过严格执行手卫生后均达到合格标准,医护人员需严格落实椅旁正畸材料消毒和手卫生,对于预防医院感染具有重要意义。

Objective To understand the current situation of disinfection of equipment and materials and hand hygiene of medical staff during orthodontic treatment and evaluation of intervention effect. Methods From May to July 2020,60 orthodontic instruments and materials beside the chairs of our department were randomly selected as the research objects,and 10 medical staff in our hospital were selected as the research objects,5 doctors and 5 nursing staff,and they were divided into physician groups and the nurse group;monitor the bacterial colony count of orthodontic materials before and after disinfection to evaluate the disinfection effect and the satisfaction of medical staff;conduct sampling bacterial monitoring on the hand hygiene of medical staff before and after washing their hands to evaluate their hand hygiene condition. Results The bacterial colony count of some orthodontic instruments and materials in this study exceeded the standard before disinfection.After wiping and disinfection with0.18%-0.22% compound quaternary ammonium salt,the bacterial colony count was reduced to the qualified level,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);the satisfaction scores of medical staff in the two groups on orthodontic instruments and materials after disinfection were higher than those before disinfection,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05);After washing hands,the degree of bacterial contamination was significantly reduced,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).The counts of bacterial colonies in the two groups after hand washing were lower than those before hand washing,and the counts of bacterial colonies in the nurse group after hand washing were lower than those in the physician group,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Conclusion The orthodontic instruments and materials in the samples in this study were contaminated to varying degrees,and after disinfection intervention,they could reach the qualified standard of disinfection in medical institutions,and medical staff were highly satisfied with the orthodontic instruments and materials after disinfection;The hands of medical staff all meet the qualified standards after strictly implementing hand hygiene.Medical staff need to strictly implement the disinfection of chairside orthodontic materials and hand hygiene,which is of great significance for preventing nosocomial infections.