不同施肥方式对甘肃陇中黄土丘陵区土壤养分及春小麦产量的影响

Effects of Different Fertilization Methods on Soil Nutrients and Yield of Spring Wheat in the Loess Hilly Region of Central Gansu Province

为探讨不同施肥方式对土壤养分含量和春小麦产量的影响,设置不施肥(T)、化学氮肥(N)、有机肥(M)、有机肥和氮肥配施(NM)4个处理,分析不同施肥方式下陇中黄土丘陵区土壤养分含量和春小麦产量的变化特征。结果表明,不同施肥处理下土壤有机碳(SOC)、全氮(TN)、全磷(TP)含量及化学计量特征有一定差异。NM处理下SOC、TN含量及碳磷比(C:P)、氮磷比(N:P)均为最高,显著高于N和M处理;土壤碳氮比(C:N)和TP含量在各施肥处理间无显著差异。春小麦产量在不同施肥处理下有一定差异。NM处理下春小麦产量最高,显著高于N和M处理。春小麦产量与土壤SOC、TN、C:P、N:P和C:N呈显著或极显著相关关系,产量与TP含量无显著相关性。综上,在黄土高原丘陵区,有机肥和氮肥配施可以有效增加土壤养分含量和春小麦产量。

In order to explore the effects of different fertilization methods on soil nutrient content and yield of spring wheat in the loess hilly region of central Gansu province,we set no fertilizer(T),chemical nitrogen fertilizer(N),organic fertilizer(M),combined application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer(NM),a total of four treatments.The variation characteristics of soil nutrient content and yield of spring wheat under different fertilization methods were analyzed.The results indicated that there were certain differences in soil organic carbon(SOC),total nitrogen(TN),total phosphorus(TP)contents and stoichiometric characteristics under different fertilization treatments.The content of SOC,TN,C:P and N:P under the NM treatment were the highest,which was significantly higher than that of N and M treatments.There was no significant difference in soil C:N and TP among different fertilization treatments.Spring wheat yield had certain differences under different fertilization treatments.The spring wheat yield was highest under the NM treatment,which was significantly higher than that of N and M treatments.The yield of spring wheat was significantly or extremely significantly correlated with SOC,TN,C:P,N:P,C:N,and there was no significant correlation between spring yield and TP content.The results showed that the combined application of organic fertilizer and nitrogen fertilizer could effectively increase soil nutrient content and spring wheat yield in the hilly region of the loess plateau.