基于高通量测序技术研究栽培苍术根际土壤微生物变化

Study of Rhizosphere Soil Microbial Changes of Atractylodes lancea Based on High-Throughput Sequencing

苍术为多年生草本植物,传统的种植方式是连续多年在同一地块种植,这往往导致其生长发育受阻和土传病害的发生,根际微生物被认为是植物的第二基因组,对植物的生长发育具有重要作用。为分析栽培苍术对根际土壤微生物的影响,探讨苍术病害发生与微生物变化间的关系,以陕西省柞水县下梁镇种植过3年苍术的根际土壤,以及从未种植过苍术地块的土壤为试验材料,利用高通量测序方法对微生物群落进行扩增子测序分析。结果表明,栽培3年后,苍术根际土壤细菌和真菌结构发生变化,细菌群落多样性和丰富度下降,真菌群落多样性下降、丰富度上升,变形菌门、放线菌门和酸杆菌门是细菌中的优势菌群,子囊菌门、被孢霉门、担子菌门是真菌中的优势菌群。栽培3年后,苍术的根际土壤微生物呈有益菌下降、病害菌增加的趋势。

Atractylodes lancea is a perennial herb,and the traditional planting method is to plant in the same plot for several years,which leads to the obstruction of its growth and development and the occurrence of soil borne diseases.Rhizosphere microorganisms are considered as the second genome of plants and play an important role in plant growth and development.In order to analyze the influence of cultivated A.lancea on rhizosphere soil microorganisms and explore the relationship between the occurrence of A.lancea disease and microbial changes,taking the rhizosphere soil planted with A.lancea for three years in Xialiang town,Zhashui county,Shaanxi province and the soil which has never been planted with A.lancea as experimental materials,the microbial community was sequenced by high-throughput sequencing method.The findings revealed that after three years of cultivation,the bacteria and fungal communities in the rhizosphere soil of A.lancea changed in composition,with the fungal communityʼs diversity and richness increasing.The dominant bacterial groups were Proteobacteria,Actinobacteria and Acidobacteria,while the predominant fungal groups were Ascomycota,Mortierellomycota and Basidiomycota.After three years of cultivation,the rhizosphere soil microorganisms of A.lancea showed an overall trend of beneficial bacteria decreasing and disease bacteria increasing.