盐胁迫对药食用菊花种子萌发特性的影响

Effects of Salt Stress on Seed Germination Characteristics of Medicinal and Edible Chrysanthemum

菊花因其含有丰富的挥发油类、黄酮类、氨基酸以及其他各种微量化学成分,在食用和医疗保健等领域受到广泛应用。以黄香菊种子为材料,设置了5个NaCl浓度(0、40、80、120、160 mmol/L)),对NaCl胁迫处理下菊花种子的各项发芽指标进行了分析,结果表明:随着NaCl浓度的增加,菊花种子的发芽高峰期逐渐延迟,且幼苗活力指数逐渐下降;菊花种子的发芽率随盐浓度的加大而表现为先增高后降低的趋势,80 mmol/L NaCl处理的菊花种子萌发率最高,为64.3%,比CK高26.1%,相对盐害率最低,仅为-23.8%;当NaCl浓度大于80 mmol/L时,种子发芽受到明显抑制,其发芽率、发芽势、活力指数、根长等指标均显著低于CK;160 mmol/L NaCl处理的种子萌发率仅为22.3%。由此可知,适当浓度的NaCl胁迫能提升黄香菊种子的萌发率并降低相对盐害率,但菊花幼苗根系的生长发育仍受到NaCl胁迫的影响,且幼苗根长随盐浓度增加而逐渐降低。在相同NaCl浓度胁迫下,根长受抑制的程度明显高于鲜重和苗高。

Chrysanthemum is widely used in tea consumption and medical care and other fields because of its rich volatile oil, flavonoids, amino acids and other trace chemical components. In this study, five NaCl concentration gradients(0, 40, 80,120 and 160 mmol/L) were set to analyze the germination indexes of chrysanthemum seeds under each treatment condition.The results showed that with the increase of NaCl concentration, the germination peak of chrysanthemum seeds was delayed gradually, and the seedling vigor index decreased gradually. The germination rate of chrysanthemum seeds increased first and then decreased with salt concentration. The germination rate of chrysanthemum seeds under 80 mmol/L NaCl treatment was the highest(64.3%), 26.1% higher than that of blank control, and the relative salt injury rate was the lowest(-23.8%).When NaCl concentration was higher than 80mmol/L, the germination rate, germination potential, vigor index and root length of chrysanthemum seeds were significantly inhibited. The germinating rate of chrysanthemum seeds under 160 mmol/L NaCl treatment was 22.3%. In conclusion, appropriate NaCl stress treatment could improve the germination rate of chrysanthemum seeds and reduce the salt injury rate, but the root development of chrysanthemum seedlings was always affected by salt stress,and the development of chrysanthemum seedlings became worse with the increase of salt concentration. At the same NaCl concentration, the inhibition of root length was significantly stronger than that of fresh weight and seedling height.