支持性心理干预对冠心病PCI患者家属社会支持及照顾负担的影响

Influence of supportive psychological intervention on social support and care burden of family members of patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

目的分析支持性心理干预对冠心病经皮冠脉介入术(PCI)患者家属社会支持及照顾负担的影响。方法选择2019年1月至2020年12月在南京市溧水区人民医院进行冠心病PCI治疗的患者家属110名,按照患者入院时间将其分为对照组(2019年1月至12月)52例、观察组(2020年1月至12月)58例。对照组家属给予常规教育,观察组家属给予支持性心理干预,比较两组家属负性情绪、社会支持及照顾负担。结果干预3个月后,观察组家属焦虑自评量表、抑郁自评量表评分低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05);观察组家属客观支持、主观支持、社会支持总分高于干预前,且观察组高于对照组(P<0.05);观察组家属时间依赖性负担、发展受限负担、社交性负担、情感性负担、照顾者负担总分均低于干预前,且观察组低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论支持性心理干预有助于缓解冠心病PCI治疗患者家属的负面情绪,提高社会支持程度,减轻患者家属的照顾负担。

Objective To analyze the application effect of supportive psychological intervention in family members of patients with coronary heart disease undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Methods A total of 110 family members of patients with coronary heart disease who underwent PCI in Lishui District People’s Hospital of Nanjing from January 2019 to December 2020 were selected,and according to the admission time,the patients were divided into control group(from January to December 2019)with 52 cases and observation group(from January to December 2020)with 58 cases.The family members of the control group were given routine education,and the family members of the observation group were given supportive psychological intervention.The negative emotions,social support,and care burden of the family members of the two groups were compared.Results After three months of intervention,the scores of self-rating anxiety scale and self-rating depression scale of family members in the observation group were lower than those before intervention,and the scores of the observation group were lower than those of the control group(P<0.05).The scores of objective support,subjective support and total scores of social support of family members in the observation group were higher than those before intervention,and the observation group was higher than the control group(P<0.05);the scores of time-dependent burden,developmental restriction burden,social burden,affective burden and total scores of care burden of family members in the observation group were lower than those before intervention,and those scores of the observation group were lower than those in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion Supportive psychological intervention can help relieve the negative emotions of family members of patients with coronary heart disease after PCI,improve the level of social support,and reduce the care burden of patients’family members.