国产酒花香气成分及酿造特性的研究

Aroma components and brewing characteristics of domestic hops

为探究国产酒花在啤酒酿造中的酿造价值,将7种中国本土种植和培育的啤酒花(卡斯卡特、D1号、拿盖特、柯密特、青岛大花、哥伦布、哈拉道)在模拟啤酒酿造过程中添加,并在关键酿造节点取样,使用气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)技术分析酒花在啤酒酿造过程中不同时期香气成分,并通过感官品评综合评估其酿造价值。结果表明,7种国产酒花香气成分均能满足啤酒酿造要求,除哥伦布为高α-酸酒花,青岛大花为苦型酒花外,其余品种均为苦香兼优型酒花,该类酒花既可煮沸时添加也可用于后期酒花干投,其中,卡斯卡特酒花与D1号酒花干投样品中月桂烯含量分别为0.458μg/L、0.324μg/L,远高于一般酒花,非常适合印度淡色艾尔啤酒(IPA)酿造。

To explore the brewing value of domestic hops in beer brewing process,7 kinds of hops(Cascade,D1,Nugget,Comet,Tsingtao Flower,Columbus and Hallertauer)grown and cultivated in China were added in the simulated beer brewing process and samples were taken at key brewing nodes,aroma components of hops at different stages in the brewing process were detected by GC-MS,and the brewing value was comprehensively evaluated by sensory evaluation.The results showed that the aroma components of 7 kinds of domestic hops all met the beer brewing requirements.Except for Columbus(a highα-acid hop),and Tsingtao Flower(a bitter hop),all other varieties were bitter fragrant and superior hops.This type of hops could be added when boiling or used for dry-hopping in late stage.Among them,the laurene content in the dry-hopping samples of Cascade and D1 was 0.458μg/L and 0.324μg/L,respectively,which were much higher than those of common hops,so they were suitable for IPA brewing.