基于CASST-QRA定量评估的液化天然气加气站爆炸事故后果研究

Study on the Consequences of Explosion Accident of Liquefied Natural Gas Filling Station Based on CASST-QRA Quantitative Evaluation

采用CASST-QRA定量风险评价软件,在给定的泄露模式与灾害模式下,对某新建液化天然气加气站进行泄漏事故后果模拟评估,确定个人风险、社会风险的可接受程度.结果表明:最为严重的事故为"容器大孔泄漏、闪火"、"容器大孔泄漏、云爆"、"容器整体破裂、BLEVE",其死亡半径、多米诺半径均已经覆盖到邻近加油站,其防火措施和爆炸防控的核心措施是避免大孔泄漏与储罐失效的发生;事故"容器大孔泄漏、管道整体破裂、管道完全破裂、管道小孔泄漏、阀门小孔泄漏,池火"、"容器物理爆炸"、"容器中孔泄漏、管道完全破裂,云爆"等,死亡半径均在站内,其防火间距能够满足防火设计的要求;事故后果模拟计算的结果与计算给出的"火灾事故造成单位时间内的个体死亡率为3×10^(-7)的范围内没有高敏感场所、重要目标和特殊高密度场所,个人风险满足可容许风险标准要求;社会风险曲线超过可容许区,落在尽可能降低区,说明该加气站一旦发生事故,将造成群死群伤的人数已超过10人,因此,该企业安全生产的运行风险高"相一致.

Under the given leakage mode and disaster mode,CASST-QRA quantitative risk assessment software was used to simulate and evaluate the consequences of the leakage accident of the new LNG filling station,and determine the acceptability of personal risk and social risk.The quantitative risk assessment results show that the most serious accidents are "container large hole leakage,flash fire","container large hole leakage,cloud explosion","container overall rupture,BLEVE",and the death radius and domino radius include the entire adjacent gas station.Avoiding large hole leakage and tank failure is the core measure of fire and explosion prevention and control.The death radius of accidents such as "vessel large hole leakage,pipeline overall rupture,pipeline complete rupture,pipeline small hole leakage,valve small hole leakage,pool fire","vessel physical explosion","vessel middle hole leakage,pipeline complete rupture,cloud explosion" falls in the liquefied natural gas station under construction,and its fire separation can meet the requirements of fire protection design.The result of accident consequence simulation calculation and the calculation given "the individual mortality rate per unit time caused by fire accident is within the probability of 3×10^(-7).There are no highly sensitive places,important targets and special high-density places within the scope of,and personal risks meet the requirements of allowable risk standards.The social risk curve exceeds the allowable area and falls in the area as low as possible,indicating that once an accident occurs in the gas station,the number of people who will die and be injured in groups has exceeded10.Therefore,the operation risk of safety production of the enterprise is consistent with "high".