基于定量评估的压缩天然气站危险性分析与事故后果研究

Hazard Analysis and Accident Consequence Research of Compressed Natural Gas Station Based on Quantitative Evaluation

采用CASST-QRA定量风险评价软件,在给定的泄露模式与灾害模式下,对某化工企业的压缩天然气站进行泄漏事故后果模拟评估,确定个人风险、社会风险的可接受程度与外部安全防护距离.结果表明:大部分火灾风险都在天燃气站站场范围之内,防火距离不满足的南侧厂界,其2 m以上高的实体防火墙能够阻止火势蔓延到厂区围墙意外;容器物理爆炸与云爆的死亡半径都在厂界围墙以里.火灾事故造成单位时间内的个体死亡率为3×10^(-6)的范围内没有高敏感场所、重要目标和特殊高密度场所,个人风险满足可容许风险标准要求,社会风险处于可容许区,说明其社会风险可以接受,但企业仍应采取措施尽可能降低其社会风险.

Under the given leakage mode and disaster mode,the CASST-QRA quantitative risk assessment software is used to quantitatively evaluate the leakage accident consequences of the compressed natural gas station of a chemical enterprise.Through the quantitative assessment carried out by using this software,the acceptable degree of personal risk and social risk can be determined,and the external safety protection distance to the surrounding environment can be given.The results show that most of the fire risks are within the scope of the natural gas station.For the south plant boundary where the fire prevention distance is not enough,its physical firewall more than 2 m high can prevent the fire from spreading outside the plant enclosure.The death radius of container physical explosion and cloud explosion is within the factory boundary fence.The individual mortality rate per unit time caused by fire accidents is within the range of 3×10^(-6).There are no highly sensitive places,important targets and special high-density places,and the individual risk meets the requirements of allowable risk standards.The social risk is in the allowable area,which indicates that its social risk is acceptable,but the enterprise should still take measures to reduce its social risk as much as possible.