生产或存储场所叉车充电间的火灾爆炸危险性分析与消防安全设计研究

Study on Fire and Explosion Hazard Analysis and Fire Safety Design of Forklift Charging Room in Production or Storage Place

选择生产或存储场所的叉车充电间为研究对象,分析给出叉车充电间的主要危险源于充电过程中产氢,从而导致充电间成为危险爆炸环境,其典型危险类型是火灾爆炸.依据电池充电过程产氢的原理,研究了给定基本参数单块电池的的充电过冲过程,结果表明:充电过程24 h并满足10 h充电、14 h过充充电的条件,电池产氢量为304.5 L;如果发生爆炸,死亡区半径0.092 m、重伤区半径0.13 m、轻伤区半径0.19 m;叉车充电间划为非爆炸危险区域的基本条件是厂房标高5 m、最小建筑面积为76.4 m~2;生产或存储场所内叉车充电间应采取机械通风措施且通风换气次数不应少于8次/h;叉车充电间电气设备设计应满足电气照明增安型、不应装设开关以及熔断器和插座,爆炸性危险环境的电气设备保护级别的选择应符合规范的要求.

The forklift charging room in the production or storage place was chosen as the research object.The analysis shows that the main danger of the forklift charging room is the hydrogen produced in the charging process.The hydrogen production causes the charging room to become a dangerous explosive environment,and the typical dangerous type is fire and explosion.According to the principle of hydrogen production during battery charging,the charging overshoot process of a single battery with given basic parameters is studied.The results show that the hydrogen production of the battery is 304.5 L when the charging process is 24 h and meets the conditions of 10 h charging and 14 h overcharging.In case of explosion,the radius of death zone is 0.092 m,the radius of serious injury zone is 0.13 m,and the radius of minor injury zone is 0.19 m.The basic conditions for the forklift charging room to be classified as a non explosive hazardous area are that the plant elevation is 5 m and the minimum building area is 76.4 m~2.The forklift charging room in the production or storage site shall be provided with mechanical ventilation measures and the ventilation rate shall not be less than 8 times/h.The design of electrical equipment in the forklift charging room shall meet the requirements of increased safety of electrical lighting.Switches,fuses and sockets shall not be installed.The selection of protection level of electrical equipment in explosive hazardous environment shall meet the requirements of the specification.