日本超级国际化大学计划的实施策略与个案分析

Implementation Strategies and Case Analysis of Japan’s Top Global University Project

日本的超级国际化大学计划实施国际化、行政管理改革、教育改革三项目标并提供详细的指标体系,为一流大学建设提供具有普遍适用性的国际化策略指引;入选大学需要制定有自身特色的战略规划方案,避免大学“同质化”“趋同化”的国际化发展路径;将大学组织管理、教育改革与国际化建设紧密耦合,深化国际化转型,以实现世界一流大学建设的跃迁。日本的超级国际化大学建设,呈现出以东京大学、京都大学两所世界一流大学为引领,其他高水平国际化大学协同发展的态势。多数大学在该计划的中期评价中表现不俗,但也暴露出值得总结反思的问题。研究表明,唯“排名论”、唯“指标论”的国际化并不可取,大学国际化水平的真正提升需要长期战略投入和组织内生;尚未真正走出有特色的世界一流大学发展新路,后疫情时代的大学国际化转型需要新思路等。

Japan’s Top Global University Project aims to implement three goals:internationalization,administration reform and education reform as well as providing a detailed index system,which can offer highly applicable internationalized strategy guidance for the construction of first-tier universities.The selected universities should formulate their distinctive strategic planning,which can effectively avoid the international development path of higher education institutions which feature homogenization and assimilation.At the same time,these universities should combine university organization and management,educational reform and international construction seamlessly and deepen international transformation,in order to realize the transition to world-class universities.Japan’s construction of top global universities shows a trend that is leaded by University of Tokyo and Kyoto University,coupled with the coordinated development of other high-level international universities.The majority of universities performed well in mid-term evaluation of this project;nonetheless,some thought-provoking problems also surfaced.The study shows the internationalization that is ranking-oriented and index-focused is not desirable,long-term strategic input and endogenous organization are indispensable for the real advance of international level of universities.TGU project has not really blazed the trail of world-class universities with Japanese characteristics,and new thought for internationalization transformation of post-pandemic era is still needed.