黄土高原生态—经济—社会耦合协调发展研究--以长武县、绥德县、神木市和淳化县为例

Research on Coordinated Development of Ecological-Economic-Social Coupling of Loess Plateau--Take Changwu County,Suide County,Shenmu City and Chunhua County as Examples

[目的]研究黄土高原生态、经济和社会系统之间的耦合协调发展关系,为实现黄土高原地区可持续发展提供参考。[方法]以黄土高原典型地区长武县、绥德县、神木市和淳化县2001—2019年生态、经济和社会发展状况为研究对象,利用耦合协调度模型和剪刀差法研究该区的生态—经济—社会系统耦合协调发展趋势。[结果]黄土高原典型地区生态系统综合评价指数波动上涨,经济系统和社会系统综合评价指数稳步上升,生态—经济—社会耦合协调度持续升高;生态和经济系统、生态和社会系统的剪刀差值逐年降低,反映了该地区生态、经济和社会系统之间的关系不断改善,且基本实现了协调发展。经济系统和社会系统对生态环境的影响逐年减弱。[结论]目前黄土高原地区生态和经济系统、生态和社会系统处于协调发展阶段,但生态环境依然是制约当地发展的重要因素。稳固和发展该区域生态文明建设,缓解经济和生态系统、社会和生态系统之间的矛盾仍然是黄土高原地区可持续发展需要面对的重要问题。

[Objective] The coordinated development among the unique ecology, economy, and society of the Loess Plateau was studied to guide the sustainable development of the Loess Plateau. [Methods] The study used data from the typical areas of in Loess Plateau of Changwu County, Suide County, Shenmu City, and Chunhua County from 2001 to 2019 to investigate the ecological, economic, and social development of the area. The coupled coordination degree model and the scissors difference method were used to study the coordinated development trend of the ecology-economy-society system. [Results] The comprehensive evaluation index of the ecosystem for the typical areas of the Loess Plateau fluctuated and increased, the comprehensive evaluation index of the economic system and the social system increased steadily, and the degree of ecological-economic-social coupling and coordination continued to increase. The scissors difference between the ecological and economic systems, and between the ecological and social systems decreased over time, reflecting continuous improvement in the relationships between the ecological, economic, and social systems in the region, and indicating coordinated development. The impact of the economic and social systems on the ecological environment weakened year by year. [Conclusion] Ecological and economic systems, and ecological and social systems of southern border area of the Loess Plateau were in a stage of coordinated development. However, the ecological environment is still an important factor restricting local development. Stabilizing and developing the ecological civilization construction in this region and alleviating the competition between the economy and the ecosystem, and between society and the ecosystem are still important issues that need to be faced for the sustainable development of the Loess Plateau.