1990—2020年河南省黄淮海平原国土空间“三生”功能时空演变

Spatial-Temporal Evolution of Productional-Living-Ecological Function in Huanghuaihai Plain of He’nan Province During 1990—2020

[目的]对国土空间“三生”功能时空演变进行研究,为区域国土空间新格局的构建,实施监督国土空间规划和促进区域协调发展提供科学依据。[方法]以河南省黄淮海平原为研究区,基于1990,2005和2020年土地利用遥感监测数据,运用功能归并、地理网格采样和空间协调度等方法开展研究。[结果]1990—2020年,生产、生活功能指数分别上升了1.30%和20.83%,且均呈西部低而中东部高的特点,生态功能指数下降了2.52%。生产功能指数以相对平衡状态为主,生活功能变化幅度较小,空间上呈零散分布特点,生态功能空间变化幅度强烈。缩小区多位于研究区西南部,扩张区集中于西部和东端。国土功能的协调度逐渐变差,中高、高协调类型区面积均偏小,低协调类型区扩张显著,并成为最主要的功能协调类型,中低和中协调类型区面积比例持续下降。[结论]应依据研究区国土空间的功能服务特性,合理统筹部署国土空间开发及利用,促进国土空间的生产、生活与生态功能协调发展。

[Objective] The spatial and temporal evolution of productional-living-ecological functions was studied in order to provide a scientific basis for the construction of new regional land space patterns, implement and supervise territorial spatial planning, and ensure regional food security. [Methods] Functional integration, geographic grid sampling, and spatial coordination degree model methods were comprehensively applied to analyze land use remote sensing data from 1990, 2005, and 2020 in the Huanghuaihai Plain of He’nan Province with regard to the state and coordination characteristics of productional-living-ecological functions in the study area. [Results] From 1990 to 2020, the production and living function indexes increased by 1.30% and 20.83%, respectively, and were characterized as being low in the east and high in the central and east parts of the study area. Over the same time period, the ecological function index decreased by 2.52%. The production service functions were mainly in a relatively balanced state. The shrinking areas were mostly located in the southwest, and the expanding areas were concentrated in the west and the east. The variation of the living function was small, and the spatial distribution was scattered. The spatial variation of the ecological function was strong, with the shrinking area concentrated in the southwest. The expanding area comprised a circular distribution along the northwest, west, and south. The coordination degree of regional land function gradually deteriorated, and the area of middle-high and high-coordination areas were small. The area of low-coordination areas expanded rapidly, and became the most important type of regional land spatial function coordination. The area proportion of middle-low and middle-coordination areas continually decreased. [Conclusion] According to the functional service characteristics of the territorial space in the study area, the development and utilization of the territorial space should be reasonably coordinated and deployed, so as to promote the coordinated development of production, living and ecological functions of territorial space.