基于自我调节理论的健康教育对住院精神分裂症患者服药依从性、自我效能及康复的影响

Effect of health education based on self-regulation theory on medication compliance,self-efficacy and rehabilitation of inpatients with schizophrenia

目的:探讨基于自我调节理论的健康教育对住院精神分裂症患者服药依从性、自我效能及康复的影响。方法:选取100例精神分裂症患者为研究对象,根据护理方式不同分为对照组和观察组,每组各50例。对照组患者实施常规护理和健康教育;观察组患者实施基于自我调节理论的护理和健康教育,干预时间均为3个月。比较两组患者相关知识、病耻感情况[病耻感调查表(ISMI)]、自我效能[一般自我效能表(GSES)]、服药依从性[药物依从性评定量表(MARS)]及临床精神症状[阳性与阴性症状量表(PANSS)]的变化。结果:干预后,两组患者ISMI各维度评分及总分、PANSS各维度评分及总分均下降(P<0.05),且观察组下降更明显(P<0.05);两组患者疾病相关知识各维度评分、GSES评分及MARS评分均上升(P<0.05),且观察组上升更明显(P<0.05)。结论:基于自我调节理论的健康教育能提高住院精神分裂症患者的疾病认知水平,降低病耻感,提高自我效能和服药依从性,对改善患者临床精神症状有积极作用。

Objective:To explore the effect of health education based on self-regulation theory on medication compliance,self-efficacy and rehabilitation of inpatients with schizophrenia.Methods:100 patients with schizophrenia were selected as the research objects.According to different nursing methods,they were divided into control group and observation group,50 cases in each group.The control group received routine nursing and health education,the observation group received nursing and health education based on self-regulation theory,and the intervention time was 3 months.The changes of disease-related knowledge,stigma[internalized stigma of mental illness inventory(ISMI)],self-efficacy[general self-efficacy scale(GSES)],medication compliance[Medication Adherence Report Scale(MARS)]and clinical psychiatric symptoms[positive and negative symptom scale(PANSS)]were compared between the two groups.Results:After intervention,the scores and total scores of ISMI and PANSS in both groups decreased(P<0.05),and the decreased in the observation group was more significant(P<0.05).The scores of each dimension,GSES and MARS of disease-related knowledge in the two groups were increased(P<0.05),and the increased in the observation group was more significant(P<0.05).Conclusion:Health education based on self-regulation theory can improve the disease cognition level of inpatients with schizophrenia,reduce their sense of shame,improve their self-efficacy and medication compliance,and have a certain effect on improving the clinical psychiatric symptoms of patients.